Disorders - Alcohol Use
Murphy, J. G., Duchnick, J. J., Vuchinich, R. E., Davison, J. W., Karg, R. S., Olson, A. M., Smith, A. F., et-al
The authors evaluated the efficacy of Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students (BASICS: L. A. Dimeff, J. S. Baer, D. R. Kivlahan, & G. A. Marlatt, 1999), a single session of drinking-related feedback intended to reduce heavy drinking and related harm. College student drinkers (N = 99) were assigned to BASICS, an educational intervention, or an assessment-only control group. At 3 months postintervention. there were no overall significant group differences, but heavier drinking BASICS participants showed greater reductions in weekly alcohol consumption and binge drinking than did heavier drinking control and education participants. At 9 months, heavier drinking BASICS participants again showed the largest effect sizes. BASICS participants evaluated the intervention more favorably than did education participants. This study suggests that BASICS may be more efficacious than educational interventions for heavier drinking college students.
Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 15(4) : 373-9
- Year: 2001
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
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Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy, Psychoeducation
Turrisi, R., Jaccard, J., Taki, R., Dunnam, H., Grimes, J.
The research evaluated the efficacy of an intervention to reduce the onset and extent of binge drinking during the 1st year of college. The approach was on influencing the students before they start college, through their parents, during the critical time between high school graduation and the beginning of college. Specifically, parents were educated about binge drinking and how to convey information to their teens, and then encouraged to talk with their teens just before their teens embarked on their college education. Teens whose parents implemented the intervention materials were compared with a control sample during their 1st semester on drinking outcomes, perceptions about drinking activities, perceived parental and peer approval of drinking, and drinking-related consequences. As anticipated, teens in the treatment condition were significantly different (p < .05) on nearly all outcomes in the predicted directions (e.g., lower drinking tendencies, drinking consequences). The benefits of a parent-based intervention to prevent college drinking are discussed.
Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 15(4) : 366-372
- Year: 2001
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Curtin, Lisa, Stephens, Robert S., Bonenberger, Jacob L.
Examines self-regulation variables (goals, feedback, goal commitment, efficacy, discrepancy) within the context of a brief intervention designed to decrease heavy drinking amongst college females. 76 Ss (mean age 19.51 yrs) were randomly assigned to 1 of 6 between subjects conditions created by crossing goal conditions (no goal, proximal goal, distal goal) with feedback conditions (feedback, no feedback), and were assessed across time on drinking behavior and self-regulation variables. Neither goal setting, feedback, nor the combination of goal setting and feedback were superior to assessment and information in the reduction of heavy drinking. The interaction of efficacy, commitment and discrepancy failed to add to the prediction of future drinking beyond that accounted for by current drinking behavior and the main effects of self-regulation variables in hierarchical regression analyses. Correlational analyses revealed a negative relationship between efficacy and commitment and future drinking behavior. Results are discussed in relation to theory, the college student environment and the potential limited efficacy of individual level interventions within this environment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved).
Journal of College Student Psychotherapy, 15(3) : 17-37
- Year: 2001
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions, Personalised feedback, normative feedback
Botvin, G. J., Griffin, K. W., Diaz, T., Ifill-Williams, M.
The authors examined the effectiveness of a school-based prevention program on reducing binge drinking in a sample of minority, inner-city, middle-school students. Rates of binge drinking were compared among youth who received the program beginning in the 7th grade (n = 1,713) and a control group (n = 1,328) that did not. The prevention program had protective effects in terms of binge drinking at the 1-year (8th grade) and 2-year (9th grade) follow-up assessments. The proportion of binge drinkers was over 50% lower in the intervention group relative to the control group at the follow-up assessments. There were also several significant program effects on proximal drinking variables, including drinking knowledge, pro-drinking attitudes, and peer drinking norms. These findings indicate that a school-based drug abuse prevention approach previously found to be effective among White youth significantly reduced binge drinking among urban minority youth.
Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 15(4) : 360-5
- Year: 2001
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Skills training
Baer, J. S., Kivlahan, D. R., Blume, A. W., McKnight, P., Marlatt, G. A.
Objectives. This study examined long-term response to an individual preventive intervention for high-risk college drinkers relative to the natural history of college drinking. Methods. A single-session, individualized preventive intervention was evaluated within a randomized controlled trial with college freshmen who reported drinking heavily while in high school. An additional group randomly selected from the entire screening pool provided a normative comparison. Participant self-report was assessed annually for 4 years. Results. High-risk controls showed secular trends for reduced drinking quantity and negative consequences without changes in drinking frequency. Those receiving the brief preventive intervention reported significant additional reductions, particularly with respect to negative consequences. Categorical individual change analyses show that remission is normative, and they suggest that participants receiving the brief intervention are more likely to improve and less likely to worsen regarding negative drinking consequences. Conclusions. Brief individual preventive interventions for high-risk college drinkers can achieve long-term benefits even in the context of maturational trends.
American Journal of Public Health., 91(8) : 1310-1316
- Year: 2001
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy
Bauman, Karl E., Ennett, Susan T., Foshee, Vangie A., Pemberton, Michael, King, Tonya S., Koch, Gary G.
Programs to reduce adolescent cigarette or alcohol use by users in general populations have only recently been evaluated. Moreover, in spite of the substantial influence families have on their children, few family-directed programs designed to reduce the prevalence of adolescent smoking and drinking have been rigorously evaluated. This paper reports the findings of research designed to determine whether a family program reduced use of cigarettes or alcohol by users. The program consisted of a series of booklets mailed to families and follow-up telephone calls by health educators. A randomized experimental design involved families with children ages 12-14 throughout the United States. Data were collected by telephone at baseline and 3 and 12 months after the program was completed. No statistically significant program effects were observed for cessation or decrease in smoking and drinking by users. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Prevention Science, 1(4) : 227-237
- Year: 2000
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: Universal prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Deas, Deborah, Randall, Carrie L., Roberts, James S., Anton, Raymond F.
In order to preliminarily evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of the serotonin reuptake inhibitor, sertraline, in the treatment of adolescents with a primary depressive disorder and a comorbid alcohol use disorder, a 12-wk, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of sertraline plus cognitive behavior group therapy was conducted. Ss were 10 outpatient treatment-seeking adolescents. Baseline assessment included the K-SADS, HAM-D, SCID, and the Time-Line Follow-Back. The HAM-D and the Time-Line Follow-Back were performed weekly thereafter. Both groups showed a significant reduction in depression scores with an average reduction between baseline and endpoint HAM-D score of -9.8, although there were no significant group differences. There was an overall reduction in Percent Days Drinking (PDD) and in Drinks Per Drinking Day (DDD), however, there were no group differences. Depression responders tended to have higher baseline PDD than non-responders and change in HAM-D scores tended to correlate with change in PDD. Our data support that sertraline is safe and well tolerated in the treatment of adolescents with depression and alcohol dependence. Small sample size and cognitive behavior group therapy given to all Ss may limit the lack of group differences. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved).
Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical & Experimental, 15(6) : 461-469
- Year: 2000
- Problem: Depressive Disorders, Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
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Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions (any)
, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Werch, C. E., Pappas, D. M., Carlson, J. M., DiClemente, C. C., Chally, P. S., Sinder, J. A.
The effects of a primary prevention social norm intervention on binge drinking among 1st-year residential college students were examined. Six hundred thirty-four students attending a medium-sized public university in the South were randomly assigned to receive a two-phase social norm intervention or the standard campus psychoeducational prevention program. At posttest, no differences were found between intervention and control group students on any of the alcohol use and alcohol-use risk factor measures. Significant subgroup differences were found by stage of initiating binge drinking behaviors, for frequency of alcohol use, F(3, 507) = 3.69, p = .01; quantity of alcohol use, F(3, 507) = 2.51, p = .05; and social norms, F(3, 505) = 2.53, p = .05. These findings suggest the need for tailoring social norm binge drinking interventions to students' stage of initiating heavy drinking and carefully monitoring for potential negative, as well as positive, effects of norm-based prevention messages.
Journal of American College Health, 49(2) : 85-92
- Year: 2000
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: Universal prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Roberts, L. J., Kivlahan, D. R., Baer, J. S., Neal, D. J., Marlatt, G. A.
This study investigated the clinical significance of previously reported statistically significant mean reductions in drinking and related problems among college students in a randomized trial of a brief indicated preventive intervention (G. A. Marlatt et al., 1998). Data were analyzed over a 2-year follow-up for participants from a high-risk intervention group (n = 153), a high-risk control group (n = 160), and a functional comparison group (n = 77). A risk cutpoint for each dependent measure was based on the functional comparison group dis distribution. Compared with the high-risk controls, more individuals in the h igh-risk intervention group improved and fewer worsened especially on alcohol-related problems and to a lesser extent, on drinking pattern variables. These data from a prevention context clarify the magnitude and direction of individual change obscured by group means.
Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 68(3) : 500-505
- Year: 2000
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Personalised feedback, normative feedback
Spoth, Richard, Redmond, Cleve, Lepper, Heidi
Summarizes the literature on alcohol initiation outcomes of universal family interventions, and examines the long-term effects of the Iowa Strengthening Families Program (ISFP) on these outcomes. A longitudinal, controlled efficacy study of the ISFP was conducted with 446 families. Alcohol initiation behaviors were measured by a four-item index (Alcohol Initiation Index [AII]). Relative reduction rates for individual initiation behaviors and initiation differences among higher- and lower-dosage intervention groups were calculated. All scores were significantly lower among intervention group adolescents than among control group adolescents at 1- and 2-yr follow-up. Relative-reduction rate differences between intervention and control groups on specific alcohol initiation behaviors (e.g., onset of drinking without pare permission, onset of drunkenness) ranged from 30-60%. Dosage-related initiation differences were evident only at 1-yr follow-up. Studies indicating the public health benefits of universal interventions that delay the initiation of alcohol use also underscore the importance of the current line of investigation. All effect sizes and relative reduction rates of specific alcohol initiation behaviors suggest the practical significance of the findings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved).
Journal of Studies on Alcohol, (Supp 13) : 103-111
- Year: 1999
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
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Stage: Universal prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Skills training
Werch, C. E., Pappas, D. M., Carlson, J. M., DiClemente, C. C.
Six-hundred and fifty 6th grade students were randomly assigned with the intervention group receiving the STARS for Families Program, an alcohol reduction program consisting of standardized health consultations provided by nurses and mailed follow-up information. The control group received minimum information. Students in the study attended either a neighborhood or a bused inner-city middle school. Students receiving the intervention had significantly less intentions to use alcohol in the future and less alcohol quantity. The study suggests that brief, provider-involved interventions may be a viable school based approach to prevention.
American Journal of Health Promotion, 13(4) : 237-40
- Year: 1999
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: Universal prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Williams, Carolyn L., Perry, Cheryl L., Farbakhsh, Kian, Veblen-Mortenson, Sara
Project Northland is an ongoing prevention trial with the objective of reducing underage drinking and related problems. This study examines Project Northland's impact using MMPI-A scales assessing clinical problems related to adolescents' alcohol and other drug use, as well as MMPI-A scales related to school and family functioning. Project Northland used a cohort design with 2,351 6th graders, randomly assigned to intervention or reference condition. Phase I ended in 8th grade (N=1,901; 81% retention rate). Results showed significant reductions on the MMPI-A Alcohol/Drug Problems Proneness scale for those exposed to the interventions. The greatest program effects were among baseline nonusers of alcohol. Results suggest that the impact of Project Northland is not only on specifically targeted alcohol and drug use behaviors and their predictive factors, but also on intra-individual and familial factors generally considered precursors of more extensive problem behaviors and more resistant to change. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved).
Journal of Studies on Alcohol, (Supp 13) : 112-124
- Year: 1999
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions