Disorders - Alcohol Use
Newton, A. S., Dong, K., Mabood, N., Ata, N., Ali, S., Gokiert, R., Vandermeer, B., Tjosvold, L., Hartling, L., Wild, T. C.
Objective: Brief intervention (BI) is recommended for use with youth who use alcohol and other drugs. Emergency departments (EDs) can provide BIs at a time directly linked to harmful and hazardous use. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the effectiveness of ED-based BIs.; Methods: We searched 14 electronic databases, a clinical trial registry, conference proceedings, and study references. We included randomized controlled trials with youth 21 years or younger. Two reviewers independently selected studies and assessed methodological quality. One reviewer extracted and a second verified data. We summarized findings qualitatively.; Results: Two trials with low risk of bias, 2 trials with unclear risk of bias, and 5 trials with high risk of bias were included. Trials evaluated targeted BIs for alcohol-positive (n = 3) and alcohol/other drug-positive youth (n = 1) and universal BIs for youth reporting recent alcohol (n = 4) or cannabis use (n = 1). Few differences were found in favor of ED-based BIs, and variation in outcome measurement and poor study quality precluded firm conclusions for many comparisons. Universal and targeted BIs did not significantly reduce alcohol use more than other care. In one targeted BI trial with high risk of bias, motivational interviewing (MI) that involved parents reduced drinking quantity per occasion and high-volume alcohol use compared with MI that was delivered to youth only. Another trial with high risk of bias reported an increase in abstinence and reduction in physical altercations when youth received peer-delivered universal MI for cannabis use. In 2 trials with unclear risk of bias, MI reduced drinking and driving and alcohol-related injuries after the ED visit. Computer-based MI delivered universally in 1 trial with low risk of bias reduced alcohol-related consequences 6 months after the ED visit.; Conclusions: Clear benefits of using ED-based BI to reduce alcohol and other drug use and associated injuries or high-risk behaviours remain inconclusive because of variation in assessing outcomes and poor study quality.;
Pediatric Emergency Care, 29(5) : 673-684
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any), Alcohol Use
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Moirand, R., Diaz-Gomez, C., Ngantcha, M., Legarjean, N., Travers, D., Le-Lan, C., Guillery, X., Perennes, M., Kerdiles, F. J., Brouard, N., Lasbleiz, M., Bellou, A.
Background. Alcoholic intoxication (AI) in young people is an important problem in emergency departments (EDs). Aim - To establish the effectiveness of a Brief Motivational Intervention (BMI) in reducing alcohol consumption among young patients admitted in a French ED for AI. Methods. Two-group simple blind randomised controlled trial. From September 2011 to July 2012, patients aged 16 to 24 who tested positive for blood alcohol content of 0.5g/l or above were randomised, with stratification according to patient's age (16-17 or 18-24), between intervention (BMI performed by a psychologist in the ED setting followed by a phone booster session at one and two months) and controls (delivery only of an information leaflet and a list of addresses of services for alcohol misuse). The principal criteria used to assess the reduction of alcohol use at 3 months follow-up was the number of alcoholic drinks in the last week. Results. A total of 263 patients (controls 131, intervention group 132, mean age 20, men 72%) were randomized. Attrition accounted for 38% in controls and 43% in intervention group. Data analysis was conducted for a Poisson frequency distribution and showed no significant difference in effectiveness between the two conditions (OR 0.93 [0.64; 1.36]). All secondary outcomes were also not influenced by the intervention (including the number of AIs in the last month). Conclusions. This study did not detect a significant effect of Brief Motivational Intervention in reducing alcohol consumption after hospitalization for alcoholic intoxication in emergency department in young people.
Alcohol & Alcoholism, 48(() : i37-i38
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Moore, G. F., Williams, A., Moore, L., Murphy, S.
This exploratory trial examines the feasibility of implementing a social norms marketing campaign to reduce student drinking in universities in Wales, and evaluating it using cluster randomised trial methodology. Fifty residence halls in 4 universities in Wales were randomly assigned to intervention or control arms. Web and paper surveys were distributed to students within these halls (n = 3800), assessing exposure/contamination, recall of and evaluative responses to intervention messages, perceived drinking norms and personal drinking behaviour. Measures included the Drinking Norms Rating Form, the Daily Drinking Questionnaire and AUDIT-C. A response rate of 15% (n = 554) was achieved, varying substantially between sites. Intervention posters were seen by 80% and 43% of students in intervention and control halls respectively, with most remaining materials seen by a minority in both groups. Intervention messages were rated as credible and relevant by little more than half of students, though fewer felt they would influence their behaviour, with lighter drinkers more likely to perceive messages as credible. No differences in perceived norms were observed between intervention and control groups. Students reporting having seen intervention materials reported lower descriptive and injunctive norms than those who did not. Attention is needed to enhancing exposure, credibility and perceived relevance of intervention messages, particularly among heavier drinkers, before definitive evaluation can be recommended. A definitive evaluation would need to consider how it would achieve sufficient response rates, whilst hall-level cluster randomisation appears subject to a significant degree of contamination. ISRCTN: ISRCTN48556384.
Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, & Policy, 8 : 15
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions, Personalised feedback, normative feedback
Pengpid, Supa., Peltzer, Karl., vanderHeever, Hendry., Skaal, Linda.
The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Screening and Brief Intervention (SBI) for alcohol problems among university students in South Africa. The study design for this efficacy study is a randomized controlled trial with 6- and 12-month follow-ups to examine the effects of a brief alcohol intervention to reduce alcohol use by hazardous and harmful drinkers in a university setting. The unit of randomization is the individual university student identified as a hazardous or harmful drinker attending public recruitment venues in a university campus. University students were screened for alcohol problems, and those identified as hazardous or harmful drinkers were randomized into an experimental or control group. The experimental group received one brief counseling session on alcohol risk reduction, while the control group received a health education leaflet. Results indicate that of the 722 screened for alcohol and who agreed to participate in the trial 152 (21.1%) tested positive for the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) (score 8 or more). Among the 147 (96.7%) university students who also attended the 12-month follow-up session, the intervention effect on the AUDIT score was -1.5, which was statistically significant (P = 0.009). Further, the depression scores marginally significantly decreased over time across treatment groups, while other substance use (tobacco and cannabis use), self-rated health status and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) scores did not change over time across treatment groups. The study provides evidence of effective brief intervention by assistant nurses with hazardous and harmful drinkers in a university setting in South Africa. The short duration of the brief intervention makes it a realistic candidate for use in a university setting.;
International Journal of Environmental Research & Public Health, 10(5) : 2043-2057
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy, Psychoeducation
McCambridge, Jim, Bendtsen, Marcus, Karlsson, Nadine, White, Ian R., Nilsen, Per, Pendtsen, Preben
Background: Brief interventions can be efficacious in changing alcohol consumption and increasingly take advantage of the internet to reach high-risk populations such as students.; Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of a brief online intervention, controlling for the possible effects of the research process.; Method: A three-arm parallel groups design was used to explore the magnitude of the feedback and assessment component effects. The three groups were: alcohol assessment and feedback (group 1); alcohol assessment only without feedback (group 2); and no contact, and thus neither assessment nor feedback (group 3). Outcomes were evaluated after 3 months via an invitation to participate in a brief cross-sectional lifestyle survey. The study was undertaken in two universities randomising the email addresses of all 14 910 students (the AMADEUS-1 study, trial registration: ISRCTN28328154).; Results: Overall, 52% (n = 7809) of students completed follow-up, with small differences in attrition between the three groups. For each of the two primary outcomes, there was one statistically significant difference between groups, with group 1 having 3.7% fewer risky drinkers at follow-up than group 3 (P = 0.006) and group 2 scoring 0.16 points lower than group 3 on the three alcohol consumption questions from the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) (P = 0.039).; Conclusions: This study provides some evidence of population-level benefit attained through intervening with individual students.;
British Journal of Psychiatry, 203(5) : 334-340
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Personalised feedback, normative feedback
, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Martens, Matthew P., Smith, Ashley E., Murphy, James G.
Objective: College students are an at-risk population for heavy drinking and negative alcohol-related outcomes. Research has established that brief, multicomponent motivational interviewing-based interventions can be effective at reducing alcohol use or related problems, but less is known about the efficacy of individual components within these interventions. The purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of 2 single-component, in-person, brief (15-20 min) alcohol interventions: personalized normative feedback (PNF) and protective behavioral strategies feedback (PBSF).; Method: Data were collected on 365 undergraduate students from a large Midwestern university (65% women; 89% White) who were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 conditions: PNF, PBSF, or alcohol education (AE). Participants completed measures of alcohol use, alcohol-related problems, social norms, and protective behavioral strategies.; Results: Results indicated that the PNF intervention was efficacious relative to the other conditions at reducing alcohol use and that its effects at 6-month follow-up were mediated by changes in perceived norms at the 1-month follow-up. The PBSF intervention was not efficacious at reducing alcohol use or alcohol-related problems.; Conclusions: These findings provide support for the efficacy of an in-person PNF intervention and theoretical support for the hypothesized mechanisms of change in the intervention. Implications for researchers and clinicians are discussed.; PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved.
Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 81(4) : 691-701
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy
Lukas, S. E., Penetar, D., Su, Z., Geaghan, T., Maywalt, M., Tracy, M., Rodolico, J., Palmer, C., Ma, Z., Lee, D. Y. W.
Objective: We previously demonstrated that short-term treatment with a standardized kudzu extract (NPI-031) reduced alcohol drinking by men and women in a natural setting. The present study was conducted in nontreatment-seeking heavy drinkers to assess the safety and efficacy of 4 weeks of kudzu extract in an outpatient setting.; Method: This randomized between-subject, double-blind, placebo-controlled study involved 2 weeks of baseline, 4 weeks of treatment, and 2 weeks of follow-up. Seventeen men (21-33 years) who reported drinking 27.6 ± 6.5 drinks/week with a diagnosis of alcohol abuse/dependence took either kudzu extract (250 mg isoflavones, t.i.d.) or matched placebo on a daily basis. They reported alcohol consumption and desire to use alcohol using a wrist actigraphy device; twice weekly laboratory visits were scheduled to monitor medication adherence and adverse events.; Results: Medication adherence was excellent and there were no adverse events and changes in vital signs, blood chemistry, and renal or liver function. There was no effect on alcohol craving, but kudzu extract significantly reduced the number of drinks consumed each week by 34-57 %, reduced the number of heavy drinking days, and significantly increased the percent of days abstinent and the number of consecutive days of abstinence.; Conclusions: A standardized formulation of kudzu extract produced minimal side effects, was well-tolerated, and resulted in a modest reduction in alcohol consumption in young nontreatment-seeking heavy drinkers. Additional studies using treatment-seeking alcohol-dependent persons will be necessary to determine the usefulness of this herbal preparation in reducing alcohol use in other populations.;
Psychopharmacology, 226(1) : 65-73
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions (any)
, Medications used to treat substance abuse, Complementary & Alternative Interventions (CAM)
, Homeopathic, plant-based medicines
Linakis, J. G., Bromberg, J., Baird, J., Nirenberg, T. D., Chun, T. H., Mello, M. J., Jackson, K. M., Spirito, A.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine feasibility and acceptability of a brief pediatric emergency department (PED) prevention intervention to delay/prevent initiation of alcohol use in 12-to 14-year-olds. METHODS: Medically stable 12- to 14-year-olds presenting to the PED who were accompanied by a parent and who had not initiated alcohol use were eligible. Adolescent-parent dyads completed a computerized assessment and were randomized to either brief targeted prevention intervention (BPI) or enhanced standard care (ESC). Families randomized to BPI participated in a PED-based motivational interviewing and skill building-based session with a trained counselor. Parents randomized to BPI had telephone boosters at 1 and 3 months. Families randomized to ESC received standard care and adolescent substance use pamphlets. All dyads completed 6-month follow-up assessments to assess alcohol use-related outcomes. RESULTS: Two hundred twenty-eight families were approached: 122 were eligible and 104 were enrolled (85%). Mean youth age was 13 (SD, 0.83) years, 51% were female, and 90% of parents were females. Of the 104 enrolled, 5 withdrew; 99 (94%) completed the assessment battery in the PED in less than 30 minutes. All BPI dyads completed the counseling session in the PED. However, only 53% of BPI parents completed the booster telephone sessions. Brief targeted prevention intervention acceptability items were rated favorably (82%-100%) by both parents and adolescents. There were no differences between BPI and ESC on substance-related outcomes, although the study was not adequately powered for this purpose because it was designed as a feasibility study. CONCLUSIONS: A BPI in the PED is both feasible and acceptable, but phone boosters proved less feasible. Larger samples and further study are needed to identify efficacy of the BPI in delaying onset of alcohol use in teens. (copyright) 2013 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Pediatric Emergency Care, 29(11) : 1180-1188
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Larimer, M. E., Berglund, M., Witkiewitz, K., Dillworth, T., Lee, C. M., Lewis, M., Kilmer, J., Johnsson, K., Andersson, C., Pace, T., Fossos, N.
A key developmental period for alcohol misuse is emerging adulthood (roughly ages 18-25). Personalized Feedback Interventions (PFI) are eective in reducing alcohol-related harm in college populations, however little research has evaluated PFIs given during high school.Moreover, cultural dierences influence both alcohol misuse and response to interventions. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ecacy of a web-based PFI given to high school seniors (ages 17-19) in the USA and Sweden. 1181 participants (42.3%male; 28.3%risky drinkers based on AUDIT-C) in the USA and 2171 in Sweden (44.1% male; 52.3%risky drinkers based on AUDIT-C) were assessed during their high school senior year. Approximately 1/3 were randomized to receive PFI. Approximately 1 week after viewing the PFI, participants were asked to complete a post-feedback satisfaction survey (3 subscales: information motivated change, shared information with friends, information was educational), and their nullstagenull on the readiness to change scale. Results showed 1) informationmotivated change subscale was associated with increases in contemplation and action stages of change and decreases in precontemplation; Swedish participants and those with higher AUDIT-C scores had lower scores; (2) USA sample was less likely to share information with friends; those with higher AUDIT-C scores were more likely to share information with friends; and (3) those with higher AUDITC scores were less likely to find information educational. Participants completed 6- and 12- month follow up surveys. After controlling for key baseline variables and using appropriate distributions for analyses, 6 month outcomes from 2236 participants (852 in USA; 1384 in Sweden; 731 received PFI), found those who received PFI drank significantly less alcohol per occasion (typical and peak), had lower blood alcohol concentration (typical and peak) and drank on fewer occasions than those who did not receive the PFI (eect size range: d = .12 to d = .22). There were no significant eects of PFI on alcohol-related problems or readiness to change and no significant interactions between country of residence and intervention on drinking outcomes. Results suggest web-based PFIs given during senior year of high school are ecacious in reducing alcohol use during transition to adulthood. Twelve-month outcomes and mediators will also be presented.
Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, 37 : 260A
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Personalised feedback, normative feedback
, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Kypri, Kypros, McCambridge, Jim, Vater, Tina, Bowe, Steven J., Saunders, John B., Cunningham, John A., Horton, Nicholas J.
Aims: Like many indigenous peoples, New Zealand Māori bear a heavy burden of alcohol-related harm relative to their non-indigenous compatriots, and disparities are greatest among young adults. We tested the effectiveness of web‐based alcohol screening and brief intervention (e-SBI) for reducing hazardous drinking among Māori university students. Design: Parallel, double-blind, multi-site, randomized controlled trial. Setting: Seven of New Zealand's eight universities. Participants: In April 2010, we sent e-mail invitations to all 6697 17 - 24-year-old Māori students to complete a brief web questionnaire including the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)‐C, a screening tool for hazardous and harmful drinking. Those screening positive were computer randomized to: <10 minutes of web‐based alcohol assessment and personalized feedback (intervention) or screening alone (control). Measurements: We conducted a fully automated 5-month follow-up assessment with observers and participants blinded to study hypotheses, design and intervention delivery. Pre-determined primary outcomes were: (i) frequency of drinking, (ii) amount consumed per typical drinking occasion, (iii) overall volume of alcohol consumed and (iv) academic problems. Findings Of the participants, 1789 were hazardous or harmful drinkers (AUDIT-C ≥ 4) and were randomized: 850 to control, 939 to intervention. Follow-up assessments were completed by 682 controls (80%) and 733 intervention group members (78%). Relative to controls, participants receiving intervention drank less often [RR = 0.89; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.82 - 0.97], less per drinking occasion (RR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.84 - 1.00), less overall (RR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.69 - 0.89) and had fewer academic problems (RR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.69 - 0.95). Conclusions: Web-based screening and brief intervention reduced hazardous and harmful drinking among non-help-seeking Māori students in a large-scale pragmatic trial. The study has wider implications for behavioural intervention in the important but neglected area of indigenous health. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved). (journal abstract)
Addiction, 108(2) : 331-338
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Personalised feedback, normative feedback
, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Yusuf, Florence Adeoti
The current trend of substance abuse among youth is a major national concern, it is troubling, it has derogatory effects on youth such as health and behavioural problems, or even death. The study investigated the effects of peer modelling techniques in reducing substance abuse among undergraduates in Nigeria. The participants were one hundred and twenty (120) undergraduate students in 100 and 400 levels respectively. There are two groups: one treatment group and one control group. A researcher-designed a questionnaire titled "Substance Abuse Questionnaire" was used to collect necessary data for the study. Research hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The hypotheses were tested using abuse between treatment group and the control group that received placebo. There was no significant difference on the reduction of substance abuse of participants in the treatment group based on gender. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended that the tertiary institutions should have a functioning counselling centers; school counsellors should be making use of peer modelling techniques to correct bad behaviours among undergraduates; school counsellors shoul be recognizing different educative programmes to encourage healthy living among undergraduates. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved). (journal abstract)
IFE Psychologia, 21(1) : 194-205
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Scott, J. L., Brown, A. C., Phair, J. K., Westland, J. N., Schuz, B.
Aims: This study tests whether enhancing alcohol risk messages with self-affirmation, the process of focusing on cherished aspects of oneself, increases intentions to reduce alcohol consumption and reduces actual alcohol consumption. It was also examined whether these effects differed by risk status as indicated by standard drinks consumed in an average week. Methods: Participants (n = 121) were randomly allocated to a self-affirmation or matched control condition before viewing emotive graphic alcohol warning posters in a questionnaire-based study. Results: There were significant increases in intentions to reduce alcohol consumption in self-affirmed participants, and these effects were stronger in participants with higher behavioural risk. Intentions in turn significantly predicted a reduction in self-reported alcohol consumption. Conclusions: These findings support the use of self-affirmation to enhance alcohol awareness campaigns, particularly in individuals with high behavioural risk. (copyright) The Author 2013. Medical Council on Alcohol and Oxford University Press.
Alcohol & Alcoholism, 48(4) : 458-463
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions