Disorders - Alcohol Use
Feldstein, Sarah W., Forcehimes, Alyssa A.
This study evaluated the impact of a motivational interview (MI) on alcohol use in underage college drinkers, and examined the specific role of empathy and alliance in MI. Fifty-five underage heavy drinkers were randomized to a one-session MI or no-treatment control. Empathy and alliance were evaluated through the MITI, participant, and therapist ratings. At two-month follow-up, multivariate tests reveal no significant interaction effects. Means comparisons indicated that both groups showed reductions in alcohol-related problems, however, only the MI sample evidenced significant reductions in binge drinking. In addition, despite the reductions of both groups, effect sizes indicated that the MI group outperformed the control in terms of binge-drinking and alcohol-related problems. Contrary to predictions, empathy and alliance showed no relationships with outcomes.
American Journal of Drug & Alcohol Abuse, 33(5) : 737-46
- Year: 2007
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy
D'Amico, E. J., Orlando-Edelen, M.
The current study reports findings from a pilot evaluation of a voluntary alcohol and marijuana intervention for young teens. Students at 2 middle schools completed 4 surveys over 2 years. During Year 2, an intervention, Project CHOICE (PC), was implemented at 1 school and was voluntarily attended by 13% of adolescents. Participants ranged from 10 to 15 years of age and were approximately 45% male, 45% White, 30% Latino, and 15% of mixed ethnic origin. Outcomes included assessments of self use and perceptions of friends' and schoolmates' past-month use of alcohol and marijuana. Analyses that compared PC participants (n= 64) with a matched control sample of students (n= 264) revealed that PC participants reported lower rates of alcohol use and lower perceptions of friends' marijuana use and of schoolmates' use of these substances. Random-effects growth models indicated that self use and perceptions of friends' use of alcohol and marijuana increased more sharply among control school students (n= 178) relative to students from the PC school (n= 270), regardless of participation. Results suggest that a brief voluntary intervention attended by a small proportion of students can impact both individual and schoolwide substance-related outcomes. copyright 2007 American Psychological Association.
Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 21(4) : 592-598
- Year: 2007
- Problem: Alcohol Use, Cannabis Use
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
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Stage: Universal prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Personalised feedback, normative feedback
Barnett, N. P., Murphy, J. G., Colby, S. M., Monti, P. M.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of two brief interventions and the inclusion of a 1-month booster session with college students who were referred to attend alcohol education following an alcohol-related incident. Participants (N = 225; 48.9% male) were randomly assigned to receive one session of a Brief Motivational Interview (BMI) or computer-delivered intervention (CDI) with the Alcohol 101 CD-ROM. Participants were also randomly assigned to booster/no booster. At 3-month follow up, participants in BMI reported greater help seeking and use of behavioral strategies to moderate drinking. At 12-month follow up, BMI participants were drinking more frequently and CDI participants were consuming a greater number of drinks per occasion than at baseline. Mediation analyses showed that the use of specific behavioral strategies mediated the effect of the BMI condition on drinking volume. There was no intervention effect on alcohol problems, and the booster condition did not significantly affect outcomes. Promoting specific behaviors in the context of in-person brief interventions may be a promising approach to reducing drinking volume among identified at-risk students. copyright 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Addictive Behaviors, 32(11) : 2529-2548
- Year: 2007
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
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Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy, Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Carey, Kate B., Scott-Sheldon, Lori A., Carey, Michael P., DeMartini, Kelly S.
In light of increasing numbers of controlled studies evaluating alcohol abuse prevention interventions for college drinkers, we conducted a meta-analysis to summarize the current status of the literature. The meta-analysis includes 62 studies, published between 1985 to early 2007, with 13750 participants and 98 intervention conditions. All studies were content coded for study descriptors, participant characteristics, and intervention components. We derived weighted mean effect sizes for alcohol interventions versus comparison conditions for consumption variables and alcohol-related problems, over four measurement intervals. Over follow-up intervals lasting up to 6 months, participants in risk reduction interventions drank significantly less relative to controls. Students receiving interventions also reported fewer alcohol-related problems over longer intervals. Moderator analyses suggest that individual, face-to-face interventions using motivational interviewing and personalized normative feedback predict greater reductions in alcohol-related problems. Implications for future research include attention to maintenance of effects, and developing more efficacious interventions for at-risk college drinkers. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Addictive Behaviors, 32(11) : 2469-2494
- Year: 2007
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Systematic reviews
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Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
Carey, K., Carey, M., Maisto, S., Henson, J.
In this randomized controlled trial, the authors evaluated brief motivational interventions (BMIs) for at-risk college drinkers. Heavy drinking students (N = 509; 65% women, 35% men) were randomized into 1 of 6 intervention conditions formed by crossing the baseline Timeline Followback (TLFB) interview (present versus absent) and intervention type (basic BMI, BMI enhanced with a decisional balance module, or none). Assessments completed at baseline, 1, 6, and 12 months measured typical and risky drinking as well as drinking-related problems. Relative to controls, the TLFB interview reduced consumption but not problems at 1 month. The basic BMI improved all drinking outcomes beyond the effects of the TLFB interview at 1 month, whereas the enhanced BMI did not. Risk reduction achieved by brief interventions maintained throughout the follow-up year
Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 74(5) : 943-954
- Year: 2006
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy
Brody, Gene H., Murry-McBride, Velma, Kogan, Steven M., Gerrard, Meg, Gibbons, Frederick X., Molgaard, Virginia, Brown, Anita C., et-al
The Strong African American Families Program, a universal preventive intervention to deter alcohol use among rural African American adolescents, was evaluated in a cluster-randomized prevention trial. This 7-week family skills training program is based on a contextual model in which intervention effects on youth protective factors lead to changes in alcohol use. African American 11-year-olds and their primary caregivers from 9 rural communities (N = 332 families) were randomly selected for study participation. Communities were randomized to prevention and control conditions. Intent-to-treat analyses indicated that fewer prevention than control adolescents initiated alcohol use; those who did evinced slower increases in use over time. Intervention-induced changes in youth protective factors mediated the effect of group assignment on long-term changes in use. Copyright 2006 APA
Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 74(2) : 356-66
- Year: 2006
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: Universal prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Skills training
Conrod, Patricia J., Stewart, Sherry H., Comeau, Nancy, Maclean, A.
Sensation seeking, anxiety sensitivity, and hopelessness are personality risk factors for alcohol use disorders, each associated with specific risky drinking motives in adolescents. We developed a set of interventions and manuals that were designed to intervene at the level of personality risk and associated maladaptive coping strategies, including alcohol misuse. Manuals contained psychoeducational information on the target personality risk factor and how it is associated with maladaptive coping, as well as exercises targeting maladaptive cognitions and behaviors specific to each personality type. We tested the efficacy of these novel interventions on reducing drinking behavior by randomly assigning 297 Canadian high school students (56% girls, mean age 16, mean grade 11) to personality-targeted interventions (group format; 2 sessions) or to a no-treatment control group. Intent-to-treat analyses indicated beneficial effects of the intervention and Intervention x Personality interactions on drinking rates, drinking quantity, binge drinking, and problem drinking symptoms at 4-month follow-up. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 35(4) : 550-563
- Year: 2006
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: Universal prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Dauer, Alicia Rodriguez-Martos, Rubio, Elena Santamarina, Coris, Merce Escayola, Valls, Josep Marti
Aims: This study aimed at testing the effectiveness of a brief motivational intervention (BI) compared with a minimal intervention (MI) for reducing alcohol consumption in adult, alcohol-positive traffic casualties. Methods: Patients were recruited at the emergency room of a trauma hospital and screened for alcohol by a qualitative saliva test (positive from a blood alcohol concentration of 0.02 g/l). Positive patients (13.3%) who accepted entering the study were randomly allocated into BI and MI. Baseline assessment was the same for all patients. Blind telephone follow-ups were performed at months 3, 6, and 12, and results were analysed by protocol and by intention-to-treat analysis. Results: After 1 year of follow-up, 67% of the patients had reduced their consumption, the percentage of heavy drinkers had dropped by 47%, and 62% of baseline AUDIT-C positive patients (hazardous drinkers) had become negative. Binge drinking dropped significantly (P<0.05). Results at month 12 were in line with the previous ones. Conclusions: The effectiveness of BI compared with MI has not been verified, but a significant reduction in consumption has been observed in the whole sample, without significant differences by type of intervention. The persistence and dimension of changes suggest a real effect of both interventions, although the lack of a pure control group does not allow definitive conclusions. Traffic casualties are in a teachable moments to benefit from easy and cheap interventions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Alcohol & Alcoholism, 41(1) : 76-83
- Year: 2006
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy
DeJong, W., Schneider, S. K., Towvim, L. G., Murphy, M. J., Doerr, E. E., Simonsen, N. R., Mason, K. E., et-al
Objective: An 18-site randomized trial was conducted to determine the effectiveness of social norms marketing (SNM) campaigns in reducing college student drinking. The SNM campaigns are intended to correct misperceptions of subjective drinking norms and thereby drive down alcohol consumption. Method: Institutions of higher education were randomly assigned to treatment and control groups. At the treatment group institutions, SNM campaigns delivered school-specific, data-driven messages through a mix of campus media venues. Cross-sectional student surveys were conducted by mail at baseline (n = 2,771) and at posttest 3 years later (n = 2,939). Hierarchical linear modeling was applied to examine multiple drinking outcomes, taking intraclass correlation into account. Results: Controlling for other predictors, having an SNM campaign was significantly associated with lower perceptions of student drinking levels and lower alcohol consumption, as measured by a composite drinking scale, recent maximum consumption, blood alcohol concentration for recent maximum consumption, drinks consumed when partying, and drinks consumed per week. A moderate mediating effect of normative perceptions on student drinking was demonstrated by an attenuation of the Experimental Group x Time interaction, ranging from 16.4% to 39.5% across measures. Additional models that took into account the intensity of SNM campaign activity at the treatment institutions suggested that there was a dose-response relationship. Conclusions: This study is the most rigorous evaluation of SNM campaigns conducted to date. Analysis revealed that students attending institutions that implemented an SNM campaign had a lower relative risk of alcohol consumption than students attending control group institutions.
Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 67(6) : 868-879
- Year: 2006
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Gerrard, Meg, Gibbons, Frederick X., Brody, Gene H., Murry, Velma McBride, Cleveland, Michael J., Wills, Thomas A.
This study examined mediators of the Strong African American Families Program, a randomized, dual-focus prevention trial intended to delay the onset of alcohol use and reduce alcohol consumption among rural African American youths. More specifically, it demonstrated that changes in consumption 2 yrs after the intervention were mediated through 2 different paths, a social reaction path and a reasoned/intention path. The social reaction path provided evidence that relative to the control condition, the intervention decreased children's willingness to drink by making their images of drinkers less favorable. The reasoned/intention path provided evidence that the intervention influenced the children's intentions to drink by increasing targeted parenting behaviors related to alcohol. Furthermore, the data demonstrate that these changes in willingness and intentions were independently associated with alcohol consumption at the follow-up, and they suggest that a dual-process model approach that targets both intentions and willingness can be more successful than either approach alone. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 20(2) : 185-195
- Year: 2006
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: Universal prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Skills training, Other Psychological Interventions
Johnsson, Kent O., Berglund, Mats
Aim: Examine the effect of a 10 h intervention programme compared with post-mailed minimal intervention (PMMI) given to high-risk alcohol-drinking university freshmen in a random design. Method: In total 693 freshmen at the Lund Institute of Technology, Lund University, Sweden were included in the study. A cognitive behavioural alcohol program (CBAP) or PMMI was given to high-risk drinking freshmen (n = 177) in a randomized design. A 10-item screening instrument, Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), was used before and 1 year after the intervention programmes were given. Results: There were no significant differences between the CBAP and the PMMI groups. Both groups declined their AUDIT scores with -1.7 [CI 95% -2.6, -0.7] and -2.7 [CI 95% -3.6, -1.7], respectively which could be explained by effects of regression to the mean. Conclusion: No significant differences between the groups were found. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Alcohol & Alcoholism, 41(2) : 174-180
- Year: 2006
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Juarez, Patricia, Walters, Scott T., Daugherty, Mikyta, Radi, Christopher
Motivational interviewing (MI) is a brief intervention that has been shown to reduce heavy drinking among college students. Because all college studies of MI to date have included a personalized feedback report, it remains unclear which of the components is necessary to produce behavior change. This study evaluated the separate and collective effects of MI and feedback among 122 "binge" drinking college students. Participants were randomized to: 1) MI with feedback, 2) MI without feedback, 3) Mailed feedback only, 4) MI with mailed feedback, or 5) Assessment only control. At an eight-week follow-up, all groups reduced their consumption, peak BAC, consequences, and dependence symptoms. For females, there were reductions in consequences and dependence symptoms in groups that received feedback, as compared to groups that did not receive feedback. For females, there was an effect of the feedback on consequences and dependence symptoms, but was no overall effect of MI on any outcome measure. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Journal of Drug Education, 36(3) : 233-246
- Year: 2006
- Problem: Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy, Personalised feedback, normative feedback