Disorders - Depressive Disorders
Mondin, T. C., de-Azevedo-Cardoso, T., Jansen, K., Del-Grande-da-Silva, G., de-Mattos-Souza, L. D., da-Silva, R. A.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of cognitive therapy on biological rhythm and depressive and anxious symptoms in a twelve-month follow-up period. In addition, correlations between the reduction of depression and anxiety symptoms and the regulation of biological rhythm were observed. Methods: This was a randomized clinical trial with young adults from 18 to 29 years of age who were diagnosed with depression. Two models of psychotherapy were used: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Narrative Cognitive Therapy (NCT). Biological rhythm was assessed with the Biological Rhythm Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN). Severity of depressive and anxious symptoms was assessed by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), respectively. The sample included 97 patients who were divided within the protocols of psychotherapy. Results: There was a significant reduction in depressive and anxious symptoms (p < 0.001) and an increase on regulation of biological rhythm (p < 0.05) at the twelve-month follow-up. Moreover, we showed a positive correlation between the reduction of depressive symptoms and regulation of biological rhythm (r = 0.638; p < 0.001) and between the reduction of anxious symptoms and regulation of biological rhythm (r = 0.438; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Both models showed that cognitive therapy was effective on the reduction of depressive and anxious symptoms and on the regulation of biological rhythm at a twelve-month follow-up evaluation. This study highlights the association between biological rhythm and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Limitation: We did not assess genetic, hormonal or neurochemical factors and we did not include patients under pharmaceutical treatment or those with severe symptomatology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Journal of Affective Disorders, 187 : 1-9
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Moreira, F. P., Cardoso, T., Mondin, T. C., Souza, L., Silva, R., Jansen, K., Oses, J. P., Wiener, C. D.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating disorder and its pathophysiology is associated with deregulation of the immune system. We investigated the changes in circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines (specifically IL-6 and TNF-alpha) measured by the ELISA kit in two psychotherapeutic interventions for MDD: Narrative Cognitive Therapy (NCT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). This is a randomized clinical trial including 97 individuals (18 to 29years-old) with MDD. In CBT there was a significant difference in serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha, therefore indicating that CBT was more effective than NCT on serum levels proinflammatory cytokines. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Journal of Neuroimmunology, 285 : 143-146
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Kerr, D. C. R., Degarmo, D. S., Leve, L. D., Chamberlain, P.
Objective: Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care (MTFC) has been found to reduce delinquency among girls in juvenile justice through 2-year follow-up. Given that such girls are at elevated risk for suicide and depression into adulthood, we tested MTFC effects on long-term trajectories of suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms. Method: Girls (N = 166; mean [SD] age = 15.3 [1.2] years; 68% White) with a recent criminal referral who were mandated to out-of-home care were enrolled in 2 sequential cohorts. Girls were randomized to receive MTFC (n = 81) or group care (GC) treatment as usual (TAU; n = 85); the second MTFC cohort also received modules targeting substance use and risky sexual behavior. Depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation were assessed repeatedly through early adulthood (mean [SD] follow-up = 8.8 [2.9] years). Suicide attempt history was assessed in early adulthood. Results: Girls assigned to MTFC showed significantly greater decreases in depressive symptoms across the long-term follow-up than GC girls ((pi)= .86, p <.05). Decreases in suicidal ideation rates were slightly stronger in MTFC than in GC as indicated by a marginal main effect (odds ratio [OR] =.92, p <.10) and a significant interaction that favored MTFC in the second cohort relative to the first (OR =.88, p <.01). There were no significant MTFC effects on suicide attempt. Conclusions: MTFC decreased depressive symptoms and suicidal thinking beyond the decreases attributable to time and TAU. Thus, MTFC has further impact on girlsa' lives than originally anticipated. (copyright) 2014 APA.
Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 82(4) : 684-693
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Depressive Disorders, Suicide or self-harm behaviours (excluding non-suicidal self-harm)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Other service delivery and improvement interventions
Kharya, C., Gupta, V., Deepak, K. K., Sagar, R., Upadhyay, A., Kochupillai, V., Anand, S.
Objective: The objective of the study was to observe the effect of controlled breathing exercises including Sudarshan Kriya (SK) and Prana-Yoga (PY) on the psycho-physiological status. Methods: The study group included 60 healthy volunteers (M:30, F:30) in the age group of 18 to 30 years (21.3(plus or minus)3.2 yrs), randomly divided in to three groups of 20 subjects each - (1) The SK group (2) the PY group and the (3) Control group. The psycho-physiological data was collected at the following four time interventions: Baseline, 6th, 60th and the 150th day. Psychological assessment was done using questionnaires and for the autonomic tone quantification Heart Rate Variability (HRV) analysis was done using the standard lead II electrocardiogram recordings. In a post-hoc analysis each group was further sub divided in to the following two patterns, based on the baseline values of normalized Low Frequency (LF) power (cutoff 64 ms2): (i) Pattern A-Subjects with low level LF power, and (ii) Pattern B- subjects with high level LF power. Results: The stress management skills have shown significant increase in SK group but not in PY and Control group. Subjects of SK, PY, and control group showed significant increase in LF value and LF:HF ratio for pattern A and significant decrease for pattern B. Plotted LF value for pattern A & B in SK and PY practitioners showed convergence, coming to a mean value over the period of 150 days.The LF:HF ratio curve plotted over time for pattern A & B showed convergence in SK group only. No such convergence in LF value & LF/HF ratio for pattern A & B was seen in control group. Conclusion: In conclusion, Sudarshan Kriya positively modifies stress coping behavior and initiates appropriate balance in cardiac autonomic tone.
Indian Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology, 58(3) : 210-220
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative Interventions (CAM)
, Meditation
, Mind-body exercises (e.g. yoga, tai chi, qigong)
Musiat, P., Conrod, P., Treasure, J., Tylee, A., Williams, C., Schmidt, U.
Background: A large proportion of university students show symptoms of common mental disorders, such as depression, anxiety, substance use disorders and eating disorders. Novel interventions are required that target underlying factors of multiple disorders. Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of a transdiagnostic trait-focused web-based intervention aimed at reducing symptoms of common mental disorders in university students. Method: Students were recruited online (n = 1047, age: M= 21.8, SD = 4.2) and categorised into being at high or low risk for mental disorders based on their personality traits. Participants were allocated to a cognitive-behavioural trait-focused (n = 519) or a control intervention (n = 528) using computerised simple randomisation. Both interventions were fully automated and delivered online (trial registration: ISRCTN14342225). Participants were blinded and outcomes were selfassessed at baseline, at 6 weeks and at 12 weeks after registration. Primary outcomes were current depression and anxiety, assessed on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9) and Generalised Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD7). Secondary outcome measures focused on alcohol use, disordered eating, and other outcomes. Results: Students at high risk were successfully identified using personality indicators and reported poorer mental health. A total of 520 students completed the 6-week follow-up and 401 students completed the 12-week follow-up. Attrition was high across intervention groups, but comparable to other web-based interventions. Mixed effects analyses revealed that at 12-week follow up the trait-focused intervention reduced depression scores by 3.58 (p,.001, 95%CI [5.19, 1.98]) and anxiety scores by 2.87 (p = .018, 95%CI [1.31, 4.43]) in students at high risk. In high-risk students, between group effect sizes were 0.58 (depression) and 0.42 (anxiety). In addition, self-esteem was improved. No changes were observed regarding the use of alcohol or disordered eating. Conclusions: This study suggests that a transdiagnostic web-based intervention for university students targeting underlying personality risk factors may be a promising way of preventing common mental disorders with a low-intensity intervention. © 2014 Musiat et al.
PLoS ONE, 9(4) :
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders, Eating Disorders (any), Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Mondin, T. C., De-Azevedo-Cardoso, T., Jansen, K., Coiro-Spessato, B., De-Mattos-Souza, L. D., Da-Silva, R. A.
Background Stability between internal and external biological regulators are essential to stable mood states. However, the literature needs studies investigating the effect of brief psychotherapies in the biological rhythm regularization. Objective To verify the capacity regulation of biological rhythms in two models of brief psychotherapy for the remission of depressive symptoms. Methods We conducted a randomized clinical trial with young adults aged 18-29 years old who met diagnostic criteria for depression according to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM (SCID). In order to evaluate the biological rhythm the Biological Rhythm of assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN) interview was used; whereas the severity of depression was assessed by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). The psychotherapy models consisted of two cognitive psychotherapies: Cognitive Narrative Therapy (CNT) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Results The sample consisted of 97 randomized into two models of brief psychotherapy. The patients regulated the biological rhythm from baseline to post-intervention (p=.001) and follow up (p=.003). We also found a positive moderate correlation between biological rhythm regularization and remission of the depressive symptoms (r=.594; p<.001). Conclusion The two models of brief psychotherapies were effective in the remission of depressive symptoms as well as the regulation of biological rhythms in the follow-up of 6 months. Limitations We did not assess genetic, hormonal and neurochemical factors. Also, we did not include patients in pharmaceutical treatment, and with severe symptomatology. (copyright) 2013 Elsevier B.V.
Journal of Affective Disorders, 155(1) : 142-148
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Newby, J. M., Lang, T., Werner-Seidler, A., Holmes, E., Moulds, M. L.
Negative appraisals maintain intrusive memories and intrusion-distress in depression, but treatment is underdeveloped. This study compared the efficacy of computerised bias modification positive appraisal training (CBM) versus a therapist-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy session (CB-Education) that both aimed to target and alter negative appraisals of a negative intrusive autobiographical memory.Dysphoric participants (Mean BDI-II=27.85; N=60) completed baseline ratings of a negative intrusive memory, negative appraisals and the Impact of Event Scale, and were randomly allocated either one session of CBM, CB-Education, or a no intervention monitoring control condition (Control). Mood and intrusion symptoms were assessed at one week follow-up.For all groups, there were significant reductions over one week in mood (depression and anxiety), memory intrusiveness and negative appraisals. Groups differed in terms of intrusion-related distress, with the CB-Education group showing greatest reduction, followed by the CBM group.The study provides evidence for the link between maladaptive appraisals of intrusive memories and distress in depressed mood. Further, both a single session of CB-Education and (to a lesser degree) CBM are useful in reducing intrusion-related distress. This study may have been underpowered to detect differences and replication is needed with larger samples. (copyright) 2014 The Authors.
Behaviour Research & Therapy, 56(1) : 60-67
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
, Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
, Attention/cognitive bias modification
, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Niles, A. N., Haltom, K. E. B., Mulvenna, C. M., Lieberman, M. D., Stanton, A. L.
The current study assessed main effects and moderators (including emotional expressiveness, emotional processing, and ambivalence over emotional expression) of the effects of expressive writing in a sample of healthy adults. Young adult participants (N=116) were randomly assigned to write for 20 minutes on four occasions about deepest thoughts and feelings regarding their most stressful/traumatic event in the past five years (expressive writing) or about a control topic (control). Dependent variables were indicators of anxiety, depression, and physical symptoms. No significant effects of writing condition were evident on anxiety, depressive symptoms, or physical symptoms. Emotional expressiveness emerged as a significant moderator of anxiety outcomes, however. Within the expressive writing group, participants high in expressiveness evidenced a significant reduction in anxiety at three-month follow-up, and participants low in expressiveness showed a significant increase in anxiety. Expressiveness did not predict change in anxiety in the control group. These findings on anxiety are consistent with the matching hypothesis, which suggests that matching a person's naturally elected coping approach with an assigned intervention is beneficial. These findings also suggest that expressive writing about a stressful event may be contraindicated for individuals who do not typically express emotions. (copyright) 2013 Taylor & Francis.
Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 27(1) : 1-17
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative Interventions (CAM)
, Creative expression: music, dance, drama, art
Punamaki, R. L., Peltonen, K., Diab, M., Qouta, S. R.
Emotion regulation (ER) is crucial for children's mental health in general and traumatic stress in particular. Therefore, therapeutic interventions for posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) address ER in various ways. We examined whether a psychosocial intervention (Teaching Recovery Techniques; TRT) could increase functional ER and decrease dysfunctional ER, and whether the positive ER change mediates the intervention effects on children's mental health in a war context. Participants were 482 Palestinian children (girls 49.4%; 10-13 years, M = 11.29, SD =.68) who were randomized either to the TRT or the waiting-list control groups. They reported emotion regulation (ERQ; Rydell, Thorell, & Bohlin, 2007), PTS (CRIES-R), depressive (Birleson, Hudson, Gray-Buchanan, & Wolff, 1987), and psychological distress (SDQ) symptoms and psychosocial well-being at baseline (T1), postintervention at 3 months (T2), and the 9-month follow-up (T3). Results show that the TRT intervention was not effective in changing ER, but there was a general decrease in ER intensity. ER did not mediate the intervention effects on children's mental health, but the decrease in the ER intensity was associated with better mental health, indicated by the decrease in posttraumatic, depressive, and distress symptoms and the increase in psychosocial well-being.
Acta Anaesthesiologica Belgica, 20(4) : 241-252
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Richardson, L. P., Ludman, E., McCauley, E., Lindenbaum, J., Larison, C., Zhou, C., Clarke, G., Brent, D., Katon, W.
IMPORTANCE: Up to 20%of adolescents experience an episode of major depression by age 18 years yet few receive evidence-based treatments for their depression. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a collaborative care intervention for adolescents with depression improves depressive outcomes compared with usual care. DESIGN: Randomized trial with blinded outcome assessment conducted between April 2010 and April 2013. SETTING: Nine primary care clinics in the Group Health system in Washington State. PARTICIPANTS: Adolescents (aged 13-17 years) who screened positive for depression (Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item [PHQ-9] score (greater-than or equal to)10) on 2 occasions or who screened positive and met criteria for major depression, spoke English, and had telephone access were recruited. Exclusions included alcohol/drug misuse, suicidal plan or recent attempt, bipolar disorder, developmental delay, and seeing a psychiatrist. INTERVENTIONS: Twelve-month collaborative care intervention including an initial in-person engagement session and regular follow-up by master's-level clinicians. Usual care control youth received depression screening results and could access mental health services through Group Health. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcomewas change in depressive symptoms on a modified version of the Child Depression Rating Scale-Revised (CDRS-R; score range, 14-94) from baseline to 12 months. Secondary outcomes included change in Columbia Impairment Scale score (CIS), depression response ((greater-than or equal to)50% decrease on the CDRS-R), and remission (PHQ-9 score <5). RESULTS: Intervention youth (n = 50), compared with those randomized to receive usual care (n = 51), had greater decreases in CDRS-R scores such that by 12 months intervention youth had a mean score of 27.5 (95% CI, 23.8-31.1) compared with 34.6 (95% CI, 30.6-38.6) in control youth (overall intervention effect: F2,747.3 = 7.24, P < .001). Both intervention and control youth experienced improvement on the CIS with no significant differences between groups. At 12 months, intervention youth were more likely than control youth to achieve depression response (67.6% vs 38.6%, OR = 3.3, 95% CI, 1.4-8.2; P = .009) and remission (50.4% vs 20.7%, OR = 3.9, 95% CI, 1.5-10.6; P = .007). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Among adolescents with depression seen in primary care, a collaborative care intervention resulted in greater improvement in depressive symptoms at 12 months than usual care. These findings suggest that mental health services for adolescents with depression can be integrated into primary care. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01140464. Copyright 2014 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
JAMA, 312(8) : 809-816
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
, Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
, Other service delivery and improvement interventions
Reavley, N. J., McCann, T. V., Cvetkovski, S., Jorm, A. F.
PURPOSE: The aim of the current study was to assess whether a multifaceted intervention could improve mental health literacy, facilitate help seeking and reduce psychological distress and alcohol misuse in students of a multicampus university in Melbourne, Australia.
METHODS: In this cluster randomized trial, nine university campuses were paired (some pairs included more than one campus), with one of each pair randomly assigned to either the intervention or control condition. The interventions were designed to be whole-of-campus and to run over 2 academic years with their effectiveness assessed through recruitment of a monitoring sample of students from each campus. Interventions included emails, posters, campus events, factsheets/booklets and mental health first aid training courses. Participants had a 20-min telephone interview at baseline and at the end of academic years 1 and 2. This assessed mental health literacy, help seeking, psychological distress and alcohol use. The primary outcomes were depression and anxiety levels and alcohol use and pertained to the individual level.
RESULTS: There were no effects on psychological distress and alcohol use. Recall of intervention elements was greater in the intervention group at the end of year 2. Students in the intervention group were more likely to say they would go to a drug and alcohol centre for alcohol problems at the end of 6 months.
CONCLUSION: Although education and awareness may play a role in improving mental health literacy, it is likely that, to achieve changes in psychological distress, interventions would need to be more personalized and intensive.
Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology, 49(10) : 1655-1666
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Psychoeducation, Other service delivery and improvement interventions
Pfefferbaum, B., Varma, V., Nitiema, P., Newman, E.
This review addresses universal disaster and terrorism services and preventive interventions delivered to children before and after an event. The article describes the organization and structure of services used to meet the needs of children in the general population (practice applications), examines screening and intervention approaches (tools for practice), and suggests future directions for the field. A literature search identified 17 empirical studies that were analyzed to examine the timing and setting of intervention delivery, providers, conditions addressed and outcomes, and intervention approaches and components. (copyright) 2014 Elsevier Inc.
Child & Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 23(2) : 363-382
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention
, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)