disorders - Depressive Disorders
Bruno, A., Celebre, L., Torre, G., Pandolfo, G., Mento, C., Cedro, C., Zoccali, R. A., Muscatello, M. R. A.
The inclusion of the Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), under the category of depressive disorders, provides a diagnosis for those children and adolescents with severe persistent irritability and temper outbursts, once misdiagnosed as Bipolar Disorders. The main and constantly present features of DMDD are chronic, non-episodic and persistent irritability, and temper tantrums disproportionate with the trigger. DMDD is characterized by high rates of comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders. Its main clinical manifestations overlap with Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder, and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. For this diagnostic overlap and the increasing use of pharmacological treatments in children and adolescents, the inclusion of DMDD diagnosis has been subjected to many criticisms. Since it is a new diagnostic entity, literature on DMDD prevalence, epidemiology, risk factors, and treatment guidelines, is still sparse and unclear. The aim of this review is to collect and analyze the literature on DMDD diagnostic criteria and main hallmarks, with particular attention to comorbidities and treatment options. Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
Psychiatry Research., :
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions (any)
Xue, H. W., Hu, J. C., Zhu, J., Sang, S. H.
Background : Depression is the first killer of mental health. According to the latest epidemiological survey, the occurrence of depression among university students in China is as high as 23.66%. University students are more and more disturbed by depression and an effective intervention is needed to alleviate such depression. It is important, urgent and practical for the universities and colleges to take effective measures to prevent the occurrence of the students' depression and improve their mental health. Taijiquan, as the most representative traditional health- preserving method in China and a systemically aerobic exercise integrating bodybuilding, mind- improving and behavior adjusting, can bring good effect of relaxing body and mind. Method : The self- rating depression scale was used to screen the 2016 college students in Henan Polytechnic University. 60 college students with depression were selected with SDS score greater than 53. They were randomly divided into three groups, i.e. the movement & psychological adjustment group, the movement group and the control group, with 20 patients in each group. Subjects were asked to maintain their original lifestyle during the experiment. At the same time, the experiment compares the different effects on depression with or without psychological adjustment. Result : The experiment shows that Taijiquan has good effect on preventing depression, but Taijiquan in combination with psychological adjustment can bring even better health effect than just practicing Taijiquan. Taijiquan, fitness qigong and other traditional Chinese methods produce a healthy effect by means of adjusting body, mood and mind. However, nowadays people often ignore the exercise of mind, only pay attention to the body shape, movement training, so that the health effect is greatly reduced. Mind- adjusting practice should be divided into mind- keeping, thinking, keeping quiet and mind- guarding, which is the psychological activity of shifting consciousness to a real thing in subjective sense, with the aim of eliminating irrelevant thoughts and inducing feelings. Thinking is the mental activity of imagining a particular scene to be clearly visible and experiencing its state, aiming to eliminate irrelevant thoughts and induce feelings as well, but the more emphasis is on the induced feeling. Keeping quiet is the gradual elimination of all mental activities of the psychological process, so that the mind and body come back to a completely natural state. Conclusion : Taijiquan Combined with Psychological Adjustment is a good way to prevent depression among college students.
Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, 124 (Supplement 3) : 377
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative Interventions (CAM)
, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions, Mind-body exercises (e.g. yoga, tai chi, qigong)
, Physical activity, exercise
Garaigordobil, M., Jaureguizar, J., Bernaras, E.
The study aimed to design and evaluate a program for the prevention of childhood depression ("Pozik-Bizi" [in English, "Live-Happily"]), comparing its effects with a socio-emotional intervention program based on cooperative play. The sample comprised 420 students aged 7 to 10years from the Basque Country, 51.9% were randomly assigned to the experimental condition ("Pozik-Bizi") program and 48.1% to the control group ("Play program"). Using a pretest-posttest repeated measures experimental design, 7 evaluation instruments were administered. When comparing the two interventions, it was confirmed that those who participated in the "Pozik-Bizi" program significantly decreased their level of clinical maladjustment, school maladjustment, emotional, and behavioral problems, and they increased positive behaviors that inhibit depression. However, the cooperative play program improved self-concept and social skills significantly more than the "Pozik-Bizi" program. The effect size in all the variables was small. The discussion analyzes the effectiveness of specific programs of prevention of childhood depression versus global programs of social-emotional development. This work provides a program to prevent childhood depression that has been shown to be effective in the reduction of clinical variables. In addition, this study confirms the positive potential of programs of cooperative play, to increase self-concept and social skills.
The Journal of psychology, 153(2) : 127-140
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: Universal prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Garmy, P., Clausson, E. K., Berg, A., Steen-Carlsson, K., Jakobsson, U.
AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and cost-utility of a school-based cognitive-behavioral (CB) depression prevention program. METHOD(S): A quasi-experimental trial with an intervention group and a control group, with follow-up measurements obtained at three and 12 months after baseline, was conducted. The setting was six Swedish municipalities. The participants were students in grade 8 (median age: 14). A total of 462 students (79% girls) were allocated to the school-based CB prevention program, and 486 students (46% girls) were allocated to the control group. The school-based CB prevention program, Depression in Swedish Adolescents (DISA), was presented by school health service staff and teachers once per week for 10 weeks. RESULT(S): The main outcome measures were self-reported depressive symptoms and self-rated health; the secondary outcome measures were adherence and cost-utility. The intervention group decreased their self-reported depressive symptoms (as measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale) and improved their self-rated health (as measured by the visual analog scale) at the 12-month follow-up more than the control group ( p < .05). CONCLUSION(S): Given the challenges of conducting a study in a complex, everyday school setting with baseline differences between the intervention and control group, it is difficult to make accurate interpretations of the effectiveness of the intervention. However, with these limitations in mind, the results indicate that the DISA program is a feasible school-based prevention program.
Scandinavian journal of public health, 47(2) : 182-189
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Rafique, R., Anjum, A., Raheem, S. S.
The study empirically investigated the idea that Quranic verses (Surah Al-Rehman) can help manage depression. Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud (radiAllahu anhu) reported that the Prophet (salAllahu alayhi wasalam) said, "Everything has an adornment, and the adornment of the Qur'an is Surah Al-Rehman." Surah Al-Rehman is the most rhythmic surah of the Quran, so it was used for our experimental study. The idea of the study was drawn from the premise that music therapy helps reduce depression. The objective of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of Surah Al-Rehman for managing depression in Muslim women admitted for treatment of major depressive disorder in a psychiatry ward of a government hospital. It was hypothesized that women diagnosed with severe depression in the treatment group will have reduced level of depression as compared to control group at post-assessment level. It was further hypothesized that the amount of decrease in depression in treatment group at the post-assessment level will be greater as compared to the control group. A purposive sample of 12 female patients diagnosed with depression was randomly assigned to the treatment group (n = 6) and control group (n = 6). Assessment was done at pre- and post-level by using Beck Depression Inventory-II. Both groups did not significantly differ on pre-assessment depression scores. Twelve structured group sessions of 22 min, two times a day, were conducted for a period of 4 weeks with the groups. Treatment group was made to listen to Surah Al-Rehman recited by Qari Abdul Basit, and control group was exposed to music used for relaxation and treatment of depression. Wilcoxon signed ranks test was used to find the within-group differences between pre- and post-assessment scores. Both groups had decreased level of depression at post-assessment level, so it was important to assess if there was any difference in level of decrease. Mann-Whitney U test for comparison of groups on level of decrease at the post-assessment level endorsed that treatment group had significantly greater decrease than control group on depression. Our study highlights the efficacy of Surah Al-Rehman as a remedy to reduce depression. The Holy Quran intones, "This sacred book is 'shifa' for its followers." Hence, we recommend that researchers should focus on finding remedies for other psychological and physical diseases from Quranic verses. An exploration of possible mechanism (such as activated cognitions or associated emotions while listening to Quran) through which effects of recitation are reached, can also be subject of investigation for forthcoming studies.
Journal of Religion & Health, 58(2) : 516-526
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
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Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative Interventions (CAM)
, Creative expression: music, dance, drama, art
, Other complementary & alternative interventions
Vinke, Y. D., Truijens, F., van-Polanen Petel, E., van-Emmerik, A. A. P.
OBJECTIVE: This online study examined the effects of a single imaginal exposure-writing assignment on posttraumatic stress (PTS) and comorbid depressive symptoms. METHOD(S): Forty-six participants with PTS were allocated to either a single imaginal exposure-writing assignment, a nontrauma writing assignment, or to a nonwriting control condition, and were reassessed 2 and 5 weeks after baseline. Of the 49 participants, 36 were female, with an average age of 23. Participation was conducted through Qualtrics. Effects were assessed with the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS) and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). RESULT(S): PTS and depressive symptoms decreased over time regardless of the study condition. CONCLUSION(S): We found no support for the efficacy of a single imaginal exposure-writing assignment in reducing PTS or comorbid depressive symptoms. Suggestions are given for future studies that attempt to identify a minimal dose of imaginal exposure writing for PTS. Copyright © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Journal of clinical psychology., :
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions, Self-help
Tagalidou, N., Baier, J., Laireiter, A. R.
Three positive psychology interventions (coping humor, three funny things, three good things) were compared with a placebo control condition (early memories) in a randomized placebo-controlled online trial. A total of 182 healthy participants participated in a one week web-based diary study and completed evaluation measures at pre, post, and one month follow-up. They were recruited via e-mail and have been primarily students. Primary outcomes have been happiness and depressive symptoms, secondary outcomes coping humor, cheerfulness (and its subscales), and subjective perceived change. The intention-to-treat analysis (ITT) using linear mixed models could not replicate the positive effects of past research. When compared to the control condition, only the coping humor intervention influenced primary outcomes (r = 0.24-0.29). Three funny things and three good things had no effects at all. Secondary outcomes showed only isolated effects, so that no uniform effect pattern was found for the interventions. Reasons for the small effects, such as motivation and psychosocial status of the participants, as well as recommendations for future studies are discussed. Copyright © 2019 The Authors
Internet Interventions, 17 (no pagination)(100242) :
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Positive psychology, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Chen, D., Sun, W., Liu, N., Wang, J., Guo, P., Zhang, X., Zhang, W.
OBJECTIVES: We aim to examine whether nonpharmacological interventions could effectively improve depressive symptoms and depression to provide more treatment options for nursing students.
METHODS: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and three Chinese electronic databases were comprehensively searched for papers that were published from January 1990 through March 2018. Quality assessment, sensitivity analysis and heterogeneity were performed.
RESULTS: In our review, 13 controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis indicated that the depressive symptoms and depression of nursing students in the intervention groups showed significantly moderate improvements compared with the control groups. Three subgroup analyses showed that mindfulness interventions and stress management programs were common and effective, short-term interventions were beneficial to depression, nonpharmacological interventions had great improvements for Asian nursing students and more rigorous researches on methodological quality are recommended.
CONCLUSION: Nonpharmacological interventions can serve as promising complementary and alternative approaches in reducing the depressive symptoms and depression of nursing students.
Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 34 : 217-228
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative Interventions (CAM)
, Psychological Interventions (any)
Dai, F., Chen, B.
Objectives : Serious incidents of college students due to sustained psychological stress leads to mental illness caused by frequent occurrence, darling serious psychological problems such as depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorders such common college students mental illness. In response to these psychological characteristics, at home and abroad in recent years, researchers have advocated a more suitable way of this population movement - the movement of body and mind. Body- Mind Exercise is awareness campaigns, such as tai chi, yoga and qigong, the core of the movement is to train individuals with a sense of control activities of the various parts of the body to achieve the body and mind. Studies have shown that Body- Mind Exercise has the advantages of physical training and psychological training, and it can produce better physical and mental health benefits for patients with mental illness. Therefore, this study attempts to explore the effect of Body- Mind Exercise intervention on college students' stress response and psychological endurance. To provide effective and reasonable stress coping styles and develop good psychological endurance for undergraduates under pressure, thus improving their mental health. Methods : Among the 1000 college students (Wuchang Institute of Technology), 80 college students with higher stress scores (CPSS scale scores higher than the average score of 32) were selected as the experimental intervention group and the control group, 40 in the experimental group and the control group (There were 22 males and 18 female in the both groups, and the experimental group the average age of 20.81 +/- 1.34 years in the control group the average age of 20.35 +/- 1.61 years old). The students in the experimental group were intervened by yoga exercise, and the control group was operated according to the normal life trajectory, 3 times a week, 45 minutes each time, comparative efficacy after 12 weeks. Results : Experiment front set of scores on scale CPSS indicators have improved ( P < 0.05), lower than the score of the control group, which has a different degree in each dimension, the perceived reduced pressure, the difference statistically significant ( P < 0.01), compared with a small dimension of the tension decreases the amplitude, feeling out of control was not significant ( P > 0.05); while China endurance scale (CPPRS) measured before and after the significant difference ( P < 0.01), wherein The differences in willpower, problem solving, and interpersonal communication were statistically significant ( P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in family support and optimistic self- confidence ( P > 0.05). Conclusion : Body- Mind Exercise can actively reduce various negative psychological consequences by adjusting mentality and emotions, and reduce the negative consequences of stress, and improve the psychological coping ability of college students and the psychological endurance in the face of stress, and the intervention effect is better.
Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, 124 (Supplement 3) : 209-210
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative Interventions (CAM)
, Mind-body exercises (e.g. yoga, tai chi, qigong)
Maneeton, N., Maneeton, B., Puthisri, S., Woottiluk, P.
Background Previous evidences suggested that escitalopram was efficacious in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in children and adolescents. However those clinical trials had small sample sizes. Hence, a systematic review, a more powerful means to assess the true effect size, was possibly strategic method to determine the efficacy, acceptability and tolerability of escitalopram in the treatment of such MDD patients. Objectives The purpose of study was systematically review the efficacy, acceptability and tolerability of escitalopram, as comparison with placebo, in treatment of children and adolescents with MDD. Study eligibility criteria, participants, and interventions Included RCTs of escitalopram in the acute treatment of child and adolescent patients with MDD had to illustrate the end point outcomes relevant to: (i) severity of MDD, (ii) response or remission rates, (iii) overall discontinuation rate, or (iv) discontinuation rate due to adverse events. Limitation of languages was not applied. Study appraisal and synthesis methods The titles and abstracts gathered from such electronic databases were examined. Then, the full-text versions of relevant studies were thoroughly evaluated and extracted. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias was applied for evaluating the risk of bias. The primary efficacy was the pooled mean changed scores of the rating scales for the Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised (CDRS-R). However, the pooled mean-changed scores of the Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) and Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS), mean endpoint score of the Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement (CGI-I), response rate, overall discontinuation rate and discontinuation rate due to adverse events were also calculated. Relative risks (RRs), and weighted mean differences (WMDs) or standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined by using a random effect model. Results A total of 580 randomized patients in two RCTs2,3 were included in this review. The CDRS-R rating scale was used to assess severity of depression in all RCTs. The pooled mean-changed score of CDRS-R score in the escitalopram-treated group had significantly greater than that of the placebo-treated group with WMD (95% CI) of -2.46(-4.83, -0.09), I2 = 0%. Additionally, the pooled mean-changed score of CGI-S and CGAS in the escitalopram-treated group were also significantly different from the placebo-treated group with WMD (95% CI) of -0.35(-0.57, -0.12), I2 = 0% and 2.56(0.37, 4.75), I2 = 0%, respectively. Additionally, the pooled response of the escitalopram-treated group had significantly greater that of the placebo-treated group with RRs (95% CI) of 1.22(1.03, 1.44), I2 = 0%. However, the pooled overall discontinuation rate and the discontinuation rate due to adverse events was not significant different between the two groups with RRs (95% CI) of 1.37(0.97, 1.93), I2 = 0% and 1.88(0.44, 8.03), I2 = 0%, respectively. Limitations This review included a limited number of studies. Conclusions According to limited evidences, escitalopram is effective in the treatment of MDD in children and adolescents. However, the acceptability and tolerability of escitalopram were comparable to placebo. Therefore, the short term treatment of children and adolescents with MDD with escitalopram may be beneficial. However, further well-defined study should be conducted to confirm these outcomes. Disclosure statement: Benchalak Maneeton received honoraria and/or travel reimbursement from Lundbeck, Pfizer and Servier. Narong Maneeton received travel reimbursement from Lundbeck and Pfizer. Suwannee Puthisri, and Pakapan Woottiluk had no potential conflicts of interest. Copyright © 2018
European Neuropsychopharmacology, 29 (Supplement 1) : S362-S363
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions (any)
, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Antidepressants (any)
Oud, M., de-Winter, L., Vermeulen-Smit, E., Bodden, D., Nauta, M., Stone, L., van-den-Heuvel, M., Taher, R. A., de-Graaf, I., Kendall, T., Engels, R., Stikkelbroek, Y.
BACKGROUND: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is first choice of treatment for depressive symptoms and disorders in adolescents, however improvements are necessary because overall efficacy is low. Insights on CBT components and contextual and structural characteristics might increase the efficacy. The aim of our approach is to evaluate the efficacy of CBT for youth with depression and investigate the influence of specific components, contextual and structural factors that could improve effects.
METHODS: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials was conducted, searches were undertaken in CINAHL, CENTRAL, EMBASE, MEDLINE/PubMed and PsycINFO. Outcomes were meta-analyzed and confidence in results was assessed using the GRADE-method. Meta-regression was used to pinpoint components or other factors that were associated with an in- or decrease of effects of CBT.
RESULTS: We included 31 trials with 4335 participants. Moderate-quality evidence was found for CBT reducing depressive symptoms at the end of treatment and at follow-up, and CBT as indicated prevention resulted in 63% less risk of being depressed at follow-up. CBT containing a combination of behavioral activation and challenging thoughts component (as part of cognitive restructuring) or the involvement of caregiver(s) in intervention were associated with better outcomes for youth on the long term.
CONCLUSIONS: There is evidence that CBT is effective for youth with a (subclinical) depression. Our analyses show that effects might improve when CBT contains the components behavioral activation and challenging thoughts and also when the caregiver(s) are involved. However, the influential effects of these three moderators should be further tested in RCTs.
European Psychiatry, 57 : 33-45
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
, Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Vrijsen, J. N., Dainer-Best, J., Witcraft, S. M., Papini, S., Hertel, P., Beevers, C. G., Becker, E. S., Smits, J. A. J.
Memory bias is a risk factor for depression. In two independent studies, the efficacy of one CBM-Memory session on negative memory bias and depressive symptoms was tested in vulnerable samples. We compared positive to neutral (control) CBM-Memory trainings in highly-ruminating individuals (N = 101) and individuals with elevated depressive symptoms (N = 100). In both studies, participants studied positive, neutral, and negative Swahili words paired with their translations. In five study-test blocks, they were then prompted to retrieve either only the positive or neutral translations. Immediately following the training and one week later, we tested cued recall of all translations and autobiographical memory bias; and also measured mood, depressive symptoms, and rumination. Retrieval practice resulted in training-congruent recall both immediately after and one week after the training. Overall, there was no differential decrease in symptoms or difference in autobiographical memory bias between the training conditions. In the dysphoric but not in the high-ruminating sample, the positive training resulted in positive autobiographical bias only in dysphoric individuals with positive pre-existing bias. We conclude that one session of positive retrieval-based CBM-Memory may not be enough to yield symptom change and affect autobiographical memory bias in vulnerable individuals. Copyright © 2018, © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Cognition and Emotion, 33(2) : 288-304
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Attention/cognitive bias modification