Disorders - depressive disorders
Pinto, M. D., Hickman, R. L., Clochesy, J., Buchner, M.
Major depressive disorder is prevalent among American young adults and predisposes young adults to serious impairments in psychosocial functioning. Without intervention, young adults with depressive symptoms are at high risk for worsening of depressive symptoms and developing major depressive disorder. Young adults are not routinely taught effective depression self management skills to reduce depressive symptoms and preempt future illness. This study reports initial results of a randomized controlled trial among young adults (18-25. years of age) with depressive symptoms who were exposed to an avatar-based depression self-management intervention, eSMART-MH. Participants completed self-report measures of depressive symptoms at baseline and at 4, 8, and 12. weeks follow-up. Participants who received eSMART-MH had a significant reduction in depressive symptoms over 3. months, while individuals in the attention-control condition had no change in symptoms. In this study, eSMART-MH demonstrated initial efficacy and is a promising developmentally appropriate depression self-management intervention for young adults. (copyright) 2013 Elsevier Inc..
Applied Nursing Research, 26(1) : 45-48
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
, Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Self-help
, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
O'Callaghan, Paul, McMullen, John, Shannon, Ciaran, Rafferty, Harry, Black, Alastair
Objective: To assess the efficacy of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) delivered by nonclinical facilitators in reducing posttraumatic stress, depression, and anxiety and conduct problems and increasing prosocial behavior in a group of war-affected, sexually exploited girls in a single-blind, parallel-design, randomized,+ controlled trial.; Method: Fifty-two 12- to 17-year-old, war-affected girls exposed to rape and inappropriate sexual touch in the Democratic Republic of Congo were screened for trauma, depression and anxiety, conduct problems, and prosocial behavior. They were then randomized to a 15 session, group-based, culturally modified TF-CBT (n = 24) group or a wait-list control group (n = 28). Primary analysis, by intention-to-treat, involving all randomly assigned participants occurred at pre- and postintervention and at 3-month follow-up (intervention group only).; Results: Compared to the wait list control, the TF-CBT group experienced significantly greater reductions in trauma symptoms (F(1,49) = 52.708, p<0·001, χ(p)2 = 0.518). In addition, the TF-CBT group showed a highly significant improvement in symptoms of depression and anxiety, conduct problems, and prosocial behavior. At 3-months follow-up the effect size (Cohen's d) for the TF-CBT group was 2.04 (trauma symptoms), 2.45 (depression and anxiety), 0.95 (conduct problems), and-1.57 (prosocial behavior).; Conclusions: A group-based, culturally modified, TF-CBT intervention delivered by nonclinically trained Congolese facilitators resulted in a large, statistically significant reduction in posttraumatic stress symptoms and psychosocial difficulties among war-affected girls exposed to rape or sexual violence. Clinical trial registration information-An RCT of TF-CBT with sexually-exploited, war-affected girls in the DRC; http://clinicaltrials.gov/; NCT01483261.; Copyright © 2013 American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 52(4) : 359-369
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (TF-CBT)
O'Leary-Barrett, M., Topper, L., Al-Khudhairy, N., Pihl, R. O., Castellanos-Ryan, N., Mackie, C. J., Conrod, P. J.
Objective To assess the 2-year impact of teacher-delivered, brief, personality-targeted interventions on internalizing and externalizing symptoms in an adolescent U.K. sample. Method This cluster-randomized trial was run in 19 London schools (N = 1,024 adolescents). Trained school-based professionals delivered two 90-minute, CBT-based group interventions targeting 1 of 4 personality-risk profiles: anxiety sensitivity, hopelessness, impulsivity, or sensation seeking. Self-report depression, anxiety, and conduct disorder symptoms were assessed at 6-month intervals. Results Interventions were associated with significantly reduced depressive, anxiety, and conduct symptoms (p <.05) over 2 years in the full sample, reduced odds of severe depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 0.74, CI = 0.58-0.96), and conduct problems (OR = 0.79, CI = 0.65-0.96), and a nonsignificant reduction in severe anxiety symptoms (OR = 0.79, CI = 0.59-1.05). Evaluating a priori personality-specific hypotheses revealed strong evidence for impulsivity-specific effects on severe conduct problems, modest evidence of anxiety sensitivity-specific effects on severe anxiety, and no evidence for hopelessness-specific effects on severe depressive symptoms. Conclusions Brief, personality-targeted interventions delivered by educational professionals can have a clinically significant impact on mental health outcomes in high-risk youth over 2 years, as well as personality-specific intervention effects in youth most at risk for a particular problem, particularly for youth with high levels of impulsivity. Clinical trial registration information - Adventure: The Efficacy of Personality-Targeted Interventions for Substance Misuse and Other Risky Behaviors as Delivered by Educational Professionals; http://clinicaltrials.gov; NCT00776685.
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 52(9) : 911-920
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders, Suicide or self-harm behaviours (excluding non-suicidal self-harm)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Mogoase, C., Brailean, A., David, D.
It has been shown recently that a specific intervention designed to modify the overgeneralization bias [i.e.; concreteness training (CNT)] can decrease depressive symptoms. The intervention, however, involves multiple components (e.g.; relaxation, problem solving), so it is not clear if the increase in concrete processing is the crucial mechanism in ameliorating depressive symptoms. Using a dismantling design, this online study examined whether targeting only concrete processing in the absence of a therapeutic context reduces depressive symptoms. Forty-two stable dysphoric participants were randomly allocated to either a waiting list or a 7-days concreteness training condition. Compared with the control group, concrete processing training resulted in a significant increase in the concreteness of thinking. No significant differences in autobiographical memory specificity, depressive symptoms, or rumination, however, were obtained post-intervention between the two groups. These findings suggest that concrete processing can be trained, but training effects may not generalize to untrained cognitive contents. The effectiveness of CNT as a standalone treatment for depression may be limited. (copyright) 2012 Springer Science+Business Media New York.
Cognitive Therapy & Research, 37(4) : 704-712
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Parks, A. C., Szanto, R. K.
The current article discusses the potential utility of self-help books as a means of disseminating positive psychological interventions, and presents data comparing a positive psychology-based self-help book with a cognitive-behavioral self-help book and a self-monitoring control condition. We studied college freshmen (N=58), and argue that this population is a particularly appropriate target for well-being intervention. Outcome measures included both indices of efficacy (depressive symptoms and life satisfaction) and effectiveness (e.g. the extent to which participants found their assigned activities to be meaningful). The two book groups outperformed the control and were equivalently efficacious at reducing depressive symptoms; on life satisfaction, positive self-help outperformed cognitive-behavioral, but only at 6-month follow-up. Positive self-help was also superior to cognitive-behavioral self-help on indices of effectiveness. Possibilities for future directions are discussed, with an emphasis on the realities of practical dissemination to both college students, and to the general public. (copyright) 2013 by Sociedad Chilena de Psicologia Clinica.
Terapia Psicologica, 31(1) : 141-148
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
, Positive psychology, Self-help
Moritz, S., Toews, J., Rickhi, B., Paccagnan, P., Malhotra, S., Hart, C., Maser, R., Cohen, J.
Purpose: 1) To pilot the LEAP Project (http://www.leapproject.com), an online spirituality based depression intervention for young people aged 13-24. 2) To estimate the impact of the intervention on depression severity. Methods: This pilot study used a parallel-group randomized controlled assessor-blinded trial design. A total of 46 individuals aged 13-24 with clinically diagnosed unipolar major depression of mild to moderate severity are being recruited in Calgary, Canada and randomized to two study arms: 1. Immediate Intervention Group (eight week online intervention) and 2. Waitlist Control Group (no intervention for 8 weeks followed by the online intervention). Participants were assessed at baseline, 8, 16 and 24 weeks. The main outcome measure (depression severity) was based on the Children Depression Rating Scale (CDRS for participants aged 13 to 18) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D for participants aged 19-24). Results: Preliminary analysis of 30 participants (20 participants aged 13-18, 10 participants aged 19-24) indicates notable changes in depression severity at 8 weeks in the Immediate Intervention Group compared to the Waitlist Control Group. For those aged 13-18 in the Immediate Intervention Group the CDRS score change at 8 weeks was -13.8 compared to -1.8 in the Waitlist Control Groups (p=0.044). Follow-up scores for this group at 16 and 24 weeks show a further reduction in depression severity compared to the baseline score (CDRS score change at 16 weeks: -21.6 and at 24 weeks: -23.3). For those aged 19-24 in the Immediate Intervention Group the HAM-D score change at 8 weeks was -8.8 compared to -3.6 in the Waitlist Control Groups (p=0.037); 16 and 24 week follow-up scores suggest that the post intervention score was maintained. Conclusion: Preliminary results suggest that the LEAP Project can reduce depression severity long term. Data collection is continuing and final results will be available for presentation in May 2012.
BMC Complementary & Alternative Medicine, 12 :
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Mirzamani, S. M., Azvar, F., Dolatshahi, B., Asgari, A.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of life skills training to reduce depressive symptoms in a student population in the city of piranshahr. For this reason, the investigator randomly selected 64 high school students. Participants were selected based on multistage randomized sampling, which their depression scores on children depression scale was ranged 96 to 140 these participants were randomly distributed between two groups A) experimental group and B) control group.12 session of group life skills training were conducted for the experimental group, and no intervention for the control group. Both groups complete children depression scale pre and post intervention. UNISEF educational life skills package was conducted. Results of analyze of covariance showed that life skills training is effective in reducing depressive symptoms and significantly reduce social problems.
Bipolar Disorders, 14 : 105
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Skills training
O'Dougherty, M., Hearst, M. O., Syed, M., Kurzer, M. S., Schmitz, K. H.
Objective: Examine interactive effects of life events, perceived stress and depressive symptoms during a randomized controlled aerobics intervention among women (aged 18-30) in the urban U.S. Midwest, 2006-2009. Method: Participants [n = 372 at baseline and n = 303 at follow-up] completed perceived stress, depressive symptoms and life events scales at baseline and 5-6 month follow-up. Life events were correlated with perceived stress and depressive symptoms scales using Pearson correlation. Multivariate linear regression tested the relationship between the 20 most common life events with perceived stress and depressive symptoms. Regression models explored relationships between life events, perceived stress and depressive symptoms and the intervention effect. Results: Higher levels of perceived stress and depressive symptoms correlated with more life events. At baseline, for every additional life event, depressive symptoms were higher; follow-up showed marginal significance with depressive symptoms, but a strong positive association with perceived stress. In the stratified model, for every life event at follow up, the perceived stress scale increased by 0.68 in the exercise group, but not in the controls. For every life event at follow-up, depressive symptoms were higher in controls, but not in the exercise group. Conclusion: Perceived stress and depressive symptoms co-occurred with life events at baseline and follow-up for participants. At follow up, perceived stress increased significantly among exercisers; depressive symptoms were significantly higher among controls. Findings suggest that new participation in structured physical activity entails a change in daily life that may buffer against depressive symptoms in relation to life events but not perceived stress. (copyright) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Mental Health & Physical Activity, 5(2) : 148-154
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative Interventions (CAM)
, Physical activity, exercise
Nobel, Rachel, Manassis, Katharina, Wilansky-Traynor, Pamela
Research has demonstrated an association between perfectionism and depressive and anxious symptoms in children. We examined whether a school-based program targeting anxious and depressive symptoms would reduce perfectionism, and whether perfectionism would interfere with intervention outcomes. The participants were 78 school-age children identified as at-risk for anxiety and/or depression. At-risk children took part in a randomized controlled trial of a school-based intervention program. Levels of perfectionism, depression, and anxiety were assessed at pre-treatment (Time 1) and again at post-treatment (Time 2) after participating in either a cognitive behavioral group or a structured activity group. Participation in either group was associated with significant reductions in overall levels of self-oriented perfectionism, anxious symptoms, and depressive symptoms. Supplementary analyses indicated that pre-treatment self-oriented perfectionism influenced post-treatment depression scores, suggesting that perfectionism interferes with treatment outcome. Perfectionism in children appeared amenable to group-based intervention, and identifying perfectionism may be important for treating children with depressive symptoms. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract)
Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive Behavior Therapy, 30(2) : 77-90
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Plazier, Mark, Joos, Kathleen, Vanneste, Sven, Ost, Jan, DeRidder, Dirk
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is the application of a weak electrical direct current (1.5 mA), which has the ability to modulate spontaneous firing rates of the cortical neurons by depolarizing or hyperpolarizing the neural resting membrane potential. tDCS in patients with depressive disorders has been proven to be an interesting therapeutic method potentially influencing pathologic mood states. Except one study, no alterations in mood could be confirmed applying tDCS in healthy participants. In this study, bifrontal or bioccipital stimulation was applied in 17 healthy subjects during 20 minutes with 1.5 mA in a placebo-controlled manner. Bifrontal stimulation consisted of both anodal and cathodal placement on right and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in two separate sessions. Using a set of self-reported moodscales (SUDS, POMS-32, PANAS, BISBAS) no significant mood changes could be observed, neither with bifrontal nor bioccipital tDCS. As already demonstrated by previous studies, we confirmed the minimal side effects and the safety of this neuromodulation technique. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract)
Brain Stimulation, 5(4) : 454-461
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions (any)
, Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
, Other biological interventions
Penton-Voak, I. S., Bate, H., Lewis, G., Munafo, M. R.
We investigated the effects of emotion perception training on depressive symptoms and mood in young adults reporting high levels of depressive symptoms (trial registration: ISRCTN02532638). Participants were randomised to an intervention procedure designed to increase the perception of happiness over sadness in ambiguous facial expressions or a control procedure, and completed self-report measures of depressive symptoms and mood. Those in the intervention condition had lower depressive symptoms and negative mood at 2-week follow-up, but there was no statistical evidence for a difference. There was some evidence for increased positive mood. Modification of emotional perception may lead to an increase in positive affect.
British Journal of Psychiatry, 201(1) : 71-72
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Osypuk, T. L., Tchetgen-Tchetgen, E. J., Acevedo-Garcia, D., Earls, F. J., Lincoln, A., Schmidt, N. M., Glymour, M. M.
Context: Extensive observational evidence indicates that youth in high-poverty neighborhoods exhibit poor mental health, although not all children may be affected similarly. Objective: To use experimental evidence to assess whether gender and family health problems modify the mental health effects of moving from high- to lowpoverty neighborhoods. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Volunteer low-income families in public housing in 5 US cities between 1994-1997. Participants: We analyze 4- to 7-year outcomes in youth aged 12 to 19 years (n=2829, 89% effective response rate) in the Moving to Opportunity Study. Intervention: Families were randomized to remain in public housing (control group) or to receive government-funded rental subsidies to move into private apartments (experimental group). Intention-to-treat analyses included intervention interactions by gender and health vulnerability (defined as prerandomization health/developmental limitations or disabilities in family members). Main Outcome Measures: Past-year psychological distress (Kessler 6 scale [K6]) and the Behavioral Problems Index (BPI). Supplemental analyses used past-year major depressive disorder (MDD). Results: Male gender (P=.02) and family health vulnerability (P=.002) significantly adversely modified the intervention effect on K6 scores; male gender (P=.01), but not health vulnerability (P=.17), significantly adversely modified the intervention effect on the BPI. Girls without baseline health vulnerabilities were the only subgroup to benefit on any outcome (K6: (beta)=-0.21; 95% CI, -0.34 to -0.07; P=.003; MDD: odds ratio=0.42; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.85; P=.02). For boys with health vulnerabilities, intervention was associated with worse K6 ((beta)=0.26; 95% CI, 0.09 to 0.44; P=.003) and BPI ((beta)=0.24; 95% CI, 0.09 to 0.40; P=.002) values. Neither girls with health vulnerability nor boys without health vulnerability experienced intervention benefits. Adherence-adjusted instrumental variable analysis found intervention effects twice as large. Patterns were similar for MDD, but estimates were imprecise owing to low prevalence. Conclusions: Although some girls benefited, boys and adolescents from families with baseline health problems did not experience mental health benefits from housing mobility policies and may need additional program supports. (copyright)2012 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Archives of General Psychiatry, 69(12) : 1284-1294
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Other service delivery and improvement interventions