disorders - Depressive Disorders
Hetrick, S. E., Cox, G. R., Merry, S. N.
Psychol Res Behav Manag, 4 : 97-112
- Year: 2011
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Treatment resistant/treatment refractory
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions (any)
, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Tricyclic antidepressants, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Kauer, S., Reid, S., Crooke, A., Khor, A., Patton, G., Jorm, A., Jackson, H.
Purpose: Depression is a severe, recurrent condition that affects many people worldwide. Sixty percent of people who have one depressive episode will have another. In addition, up to 30%of young people experience depressive symptoms by 18 years of age. While these symptoms may be mild initially, many progress to moderate and then severe symptoms of depression. To date, no effective strategies exist that curtail the progression of mild depression to major depressive disorder. Effective early intervention programs need to be low cost and easy to use whilst also retaining the interest of young people. Self-monitoring has potential as an early intervention tool for young people, particularly when cell phones are used as a medium. Self-monitoringis a simple technique often used in behavioral therapy to increase awareness about mood and stressful events. In turn, emotional self-awareness is likely to decrease symptoms of depression. Previous qualitative research indicates that self-monitoring via cell phones increases emotional self-awareness in five ways: awareness of feelings, the ability to identify these feelings, communication of emotions to others, understanding the context of emotions (causes and consequences) and decision-making regarding emotions. This RCT investigates (i) whether self-monitoring increases young people's awareness of their moods and reduces depressive symptoms and (ii) whether emotional self-awareness mediates the relationship between self-monitoring and depressive symptoms. Methods: To date, 110 young people (between14 and 24 years of age) have been identified by their GP as being at risk of depression and recruited in rural and metropolitan Victoria, Australia (recruitment to finish in September 2010). Participants have been randomly assigned to either the intervention group (61 participants), where they monitored their mood, stress and daily activities, or the comparison group (48 participants), where the questions about mood and stress were excluded. Participants completed baseline, immediate follow-up and 6-week follow-up measures of depression as well as measures of emotional self-awareness. Results: Results will be presented on the associations between self-monitoring, adolescents' emotional self-awareness and depressive symptoms. Preliminary analyses show that selfmonitoring increases emotional self-awareness and decreases depressive symptoms. Regression analyses will be presented examining the mediation effects of emotional self-awareness on the relationship between self-monitoring and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Self-monitoring, combined with technology, is a simple early intervention technique that has the potential to reduce depressive symptoms. Increasing young people's awareness and understanding of their emotions may decrease the number of young people progressing from mild depressive symptoms to major depressive disorder.
Journal of Adolescent Health, 48(2) : S91-S92
- Year: 2011
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
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Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Hoek, Willemijn, Marko, Monika, Fogel, Joshua, Schuurmans, Josien, Gladstone, Tracy, Bradford, Nathan, Domanico, Rocco, Fagan, Blake, Bell, Carl, Reinecke, Mark A., VanVoorhees, Benjamin W.
We believe that primary care physicians could play a key role in engaging youth with a depression prevention intervention. We developed CATCH-IT (Competent Adulthood Transition with Cognitive Behavioral and Interpersonal Training), which is an adolescent Internet-based behavior change model. We conducted a randomized comparison of two approaches in engaging adolescents with the Internet intervention: primary care physician (PCP) motivational interview + CATCH-IT Internet program (MI) vs PCP brief advice + CATCH-IT Internet program (BA). The participants (N = 84) were recruited by screening for risk of depression in 13 primary care practices. We compared depressive disorder outcomes between groups and within groups over 6 months and examined the potential predictors and moderators of outcomes across both study arms. Depressive symptom scores declined from baseline to 6 weeks with these statistically significant reductions sustained at the 6 months follow-up in both groups. No significant interactions with treatment condition were found. However, by 6 months, the MI group demonstrated significantly fewer depressive episodes and reported less hopelessness as compared with the BA group. Hierarchical linear modeling regressions showed higher ratings of ease of use of the Internet program predicting lower depressive symptom levels over 6 months. In conclusion, a primary care/Internet-based intervention model among adolescents demonstrated reductions in depressed mood over 6 months and may result in fewer depressive episodes.
Published by Mosby, Inc.
Translational Research, 158(6) : 315-325
- Year: 2011
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Hides, L. M., Elkins, K. S., Scaffidi, A., Cotton, S. M., Carroll, S., Lubman, D. I.
Objective: To determine whether the addition of cognitive behaviour therapy and motivational interviewing (CBT/MI) to standard alcohol and other drug (AOD) care improves outcomes for young people with comorbid depression and substance misuse. Participants and setting: Participants were young people with comorbid depression (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale score (greater-than or equal to)17) and substance misuse (mainly alcohol and/or cannabis) seeking treatment at two youth AOD services in Melbourne, Australia. The study was conducted between September 2006 and September 2008. Sixty young people received CBT/MI in addition to standard care (SC) (the SC+CBT/MI group) and 28 received SC only (the SC group). Main outcome measures: Depressive symptoms and AOD use in the previous 30 days, measured at baseline and at 3-month and 6-month follow-up. Results: Compared with participants in the SC group, those in the SC+CBT/MI group showed significant reductions in depression and cannabis use and increased social contact and motivation to change substance use at 3-month follow-up. However, at 6- month follow-up, the SC group had achieved similar improvements to the CBT/MI group on these variables. All young people achieved significant improvements in functioning and quality of life variables over time, regardless of treatment group. No changes in AOD use were found in either group at 6-month follow-up. Conclusion: The delivery of CBT/MI in addition to SC may achieve accelerated treatment gains in the short term.
Medical Journal of Australia, 195(3 SUPPL.) : S31-S37
- Year: 2011
- Problem: Depressive Disorders, Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy
Hayes, Louise, Boyd, Candice P., Sewell, Jessica
Based on promising results with adults, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) presents as a treatment opportunity for depressed adolescents. We present a pilot study that compares ACT with treatment as usual (TAU), using random allocation of participants who were clinically referred to a psychiatric outpatient service. Participants were 30 adolescents, aged M = 14.9 (SD = 2.55), with 73.6% in the clinical range for depression. At posttreatment on measures of depression participants in the ACT condition showed significantly greater improvement statistically (d = 0.38), and 58% showed clinically reliable change with a response ratio of 1.59 in favor of ACT. Outcomes from 3-month follow-up data are tentative due to small numbers but suggest that improvement increased in magnitude. Measures of global functioning showed statistically significant improvement for both conditions, although clinical change measures favored only the ACT condition. The results support conducting a larger trial of ACT for the treatment of adolescent depression. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract)
Mindfulness, 2(2) : 86-94
- Year: 2011
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Acceptance & commitment therapy (ACT)
Hasanovic, M. I., Srabovic, S., Rasidovic, M., Sehovic, M., Hasanbasic, E., Husanovic, J., Hodzic, R.
Objective: To estimate whether psychosocial support of the School Project UHD nullPrijateljice-Friendsnull positively affect on reducing of posttraumatic consequences in Bosnia-Herzegovina primary and secondary school students, after the war period 1992-1995. Subjects and Methods: The stratified sample of 336 students, aged of 13.6 (plus or minus) 1.9, in primary and secondary schools, involved in psychosocial support, compared with 72 randomly selected peers from the same schools, not involved in this project. Data were collected in December 2005 and in May 2006. The Children Depression Inventory and Index of Children Post-traumatic Reactions were utilized. Statistical analysis involved McNemar's test, Students' t test, Chi-square test and Pearsons' correlation test. Results: According to DSM, the prevalence of PTSD and depression among students involved in the School Project, significantly reduced from (46.1 to 13.4%; 25.6 to 1.8%, respectively) (McNemar's test, p<0.001; p<0.001, respectively). In the control group the prevalence of PTSP and depression reduced from (30.5 to 23.6%; 22.2 to 11.1%, respectively), with no significancy (McNemar's test, P = 0.332; P = 0.077, significantly). Girls had significantly higher prevalence of both PTSD and depression compared to the boys. Age, number of traumatic episodes, and suicidal behavior correlated with the intensity of PTSD symptoms and depression symptoms. Conclusions: Psychosocial support within the School Project resulted with significant reduction of PTSP and depression amongst involved students compared to controls. Schools and other institutions ought to envisage as many as possible projects to be implemented in schools and out-of-schools in order to assist youth to easier overcome consequences of no favorable war in their development.
Intensive Care Medicine, 37 : S420
- Year: 2011
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Erford, Bradley T., Erford, Breann M., Lattanzi, Gina, Weller, Janet, Schein, Hallie, Wolf, Emily, Hughes, Meredith, Darrow, Jenna, Savin-Murphy, Janet, Peacock, Elizabeth
Clinical trials exploring the effectiveness of counseling and psychotherapy in treatment of depression in school-age youth composed this meta-analysis. Results were synthesized using a random effects model for mean difference and mean gain effect size estimates. No effects of moderating variables were evident. Counseling and psychotherapy are effective for treatment of depression in school-age youth both at termination and follow-up, and in school and nonschool settings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract)
Journal of Counseling & Development, 89(4) : 439-457
- Year: 2011
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
, Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
Curry, John, Silva, Susan, Rohde, Paul, Ginsburg, Golda, Kratochvil, Christopher, Simons, Anne, Kirchner, Jerry, et-al
Context: Objectives: Design: Setting: Participants: Main Outcome Measures: Results: Conclusions: Major depressive disorder in adolescents is common and impairing. Efficacious treatments have been developed, but little is known about longer-term outcomes, including recurrence.To determine whether adolescents who responded to short-term treatments or who received the most efficacious short-term treatment would have lower recurrence rates, and to identify predictors of recovery and recurrence.Naturalistic follow-up study.Twelve academic sites in the United States.One hundred ninety-six adolescents (86 males and 110 females) randomized to 1 of 4 short-term interventions (fluoxetine hydrochloride treatment, cognitive behavioral therapy, their combination, or placebo) in the Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study were followed up for 5 years after study entry (44.6% of the original Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study sample).Recovery was defined as absence of clinically significant major depressive disorder symptoms on the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version interview for at least 8 weeks, and recurrence was defined as a new episode of major depressive disorder following recovery.Almost all participants (96.4%) recovered from their index episode of major depressive disorder during the follow-up period. Recovery by 2 years was significantly more likely for short-term treatment responders (96.2%) than for partial responders or nonresponders (79.1%) (P < .001) but was not associated with having received the most efficacious short-term treatment (the combination of fluoxetine and cognitive behavioral therapy). Of the 189 participants who recovered, 88 (46.6%) had a recurrence. Recurrence was not predicted by full short-term treatment response or by original treatment. However, full or partial responders were less likely to have a recurrence (42.9%) than were nonresponders (67.6%) (P = .03). Sex predicted recurrence (57.0% among females vs 32.9% among males; P = .02).Almost all depressed adolescents recovered. However, recurrence occurs in almost half of recovered adolescents, with higher probability in females in this age range. Further research should identify and address the vulnerabilities to recurrence that are more common among young women.
Archives of General Psychiatry, 68(3) : 263-269
- Year: 2011
- Problem: Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions (any)
, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Dean, A. J., Bellgrove, M. A., Hall, T., Phan, W. M., Eyles, D. W., Kvaskoff, D., McGrath, J. J.
Epidemiological research links vitamin D status to various brain-related outcomes. However, few trials examine whether supplementation can improve such outcomes and none have examined effects on cognition. This study examined whether Vitamin D supplementation led to improvements in diverse measures of cognitive and emotional functioning, and hypothesised that supplementation would lead to improvements in these outcomes compared to placebo. Healthy young adults were recruited to a parallel-arm, double-blind trial conducted at The University of Queensland. Participants were randomly allocated to receive Vitamin D (one capsule daily, containing 5000 IU cholecalciferol) or identical placebo capsule for six weeks. All participants and outcome assessors were blinded to group assignment. Primary outcome measures assessed at baseline and 6 weeks were working memory, response inhibition and cognitive flexibility. Secondary outcomes were: hallucination-proneness, psychotic-like experiences, and ratings of depression, anxiety and anger. 128 participants were recruited, randomised and included in primary analyses (vitamin D n = 63; placebo n = 65). Despite significant increases in vitamin D status in the active group, no significant changes were observed in working memory (F = 1.09; p = 0.30), response inhibition (F = 0.82; p = 0.37), cognitive flexibility (F = 1.37; p = 0.24) or secondary outcomes. No serious adverse effects were reported. Our findings indicate that vitamin D supplementation does not influence cognitive or emotional functioning in healthy young adults. Future controlled trials in targeted populations of interest are required to determine whether supplementation can improve functioning in these domains. Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry; ACTRN12610000318088.
PLoS ONE, 6(11) : e25966
- Year: 2011
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders, Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Complementary & Alternative Interventions (CAM)
, Vitamins and supplements
Douaihy, A., Cornelius, J., Chung, R. T., Daley, D., Wood, D., Kirisci, L., Hayes, J., et-al
The authors recently completed a first double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of fluoxetine (20 mg) in 70 adolescents and young adults with comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD) and an cannabis use disorder (CUD), most of whom also demonstrated an alcohol use disorder (AUD). All participants also received cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and motivation enhancement therapy (MET) during the 12-week trial. The results of that acute phase study suggested efficacy for CBT-MET therapy but not for fluoxetine (Cornelius et al., 2010, in DAD). A one-year follow-up (F/U) evaluation was conducted to assess whether the improvements noted during the acute phase study persist. 68 of the 70 youth (97%) participated in the F/U evaluation. Increases in days of marijuana use, binge days of alcohol, and days of alcohol use were noted between the end of the acute phase trial and the 1-year F/U (p < 0.01). However, days of marijuana use and level of depressive symptoms continued to be lower at the 1-year F/U than at the acute phase baseline. No significant differences were noted between the fluoxetine group and the placebo group during the follow-up phase, just as none had been noted during the acute phase trial. These finding suggest that many of the clinical improvements noted during the acute phase trial persisted at the 1-year F/U assessment.
Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, 35 : 20A
- Year: 2011
- Problem: Depressive Disorders, Cannabis Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions (any)
, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy
Compas, B. E., Forehand, R., Thigpen, J. C., Keller, G., Hardcastle, E. J., Cole, D. A, Potts, J., Watson, K., Rakow, A., Colletti, C., Reeslund, K., Fear, J., Garai, E., McKee, L., Merchant, M. J., Roberts, L.
Objective: In a long-term follow-up of a randomized controlled trial (Compas et al., 2009) to examine the effects at 18- and 24-month follow-ups of a family group cognitive-behavioral (FGCB) preventive intervention for mental health outcomes for children and parents from families (N = 111) of parents with a history of major depressive disorder (MDD). Method: Parents with a history of MDD and their 9- to 15-year-old children were randomly assigned to a FGCB intervention or a written information comparison condition. Children's internalizing, externalizing, anxiety/depression, and depressive symptoms; episodes of MDD and other psychiatric diagnoses; and parents' depressive symptoms and episodes of MDD were assessed at 18 and 24 months after randomization. Results: Children in the FGCB condition were significantly lower in self-reports of anxiety/depression and internalizing symptoms at 18 months and were significantly lower in self-reports of externalizing symptoms at 18 and 24 months. Rates of MDD were significantly lower for children in the FGCB intervention over the 24-month follow-up (odds ratio = 2.91). Marginal effects were found for parents' symptoms of depression at 18 and 24 months but not for episodes of MDD. Conclusions: Support was found for a FGCB preventive intervention for children of parents with a history of MDD significantly reducing children's episodes of MDD over a period of 2 years. Significant effects for the FGCB intervention were also found on internalizing and externalizing symptoms, with stronger effects at 18- than at 24-month follow-up. (copyright) 2011 American Psychological Association.
Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 79(4) : 488-499
- Year: 2011
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
, Psychoeducation
Cornelius, J., Douaihy, A., Chung, T., Kelly, T., Daley, D., Hayes, J., Wood, D., Kirisci, L., Clark, D.
The authors recently completed a first long-term (4 year) follow-up study involving subjects who had participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled acute phase trial of fluoxetine (20 mg) in adolescents with comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD) and an alcohol use disorder (AUD). The subjects in the acute phase trial included 50 teens who had been randomized to fluoxetine or placebo, all of whom also received motivational enhancement therapy (MET) and cognitive behavioral psychotherapy (CBT) during the acute phase trial. During the acute phase trial, subjects in both treatment groups showed significant decreases in alcohol use and depressive symptoms, but no significant between-group differences were noted, suggesting efficacy for CBT-MET therapy but not for fluoxetine (Cornelius, et al., 2009). Most (72%) of the subjects who participated in the acute phase trial also participated in the 4- year follow-up assessment study, consisting of four annual assessments over 4 years. At the four-year follow-up evaluation, ratings of depressive symptoms and of alcohol quantity (but not frequency) were significantly lower than baseline levels, but were not significantly different from end-of-trial levels. These findings suggest longer-term efficacy (4 year) for CBT/MET therapy for treating the depressive and alcohol-related symptoms of MDD-AUD teens.
Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, 35 : 20A
- Year: 2011
- Problem: Depressive Disorders, Alcohol Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions (any)
, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy