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Disorders - Psychosis Disorders
Rund, B. R., Moe, L., Sollien, T., Fjell, A., Borchgrevink, T., Hallert, M., Naess, P. O.
The outcome of a psychoeducational treatment programme for very early- onset schizophrenics was compared with a standard reference treatment. The study sample consisted of 12 patients in each group. Clinical outcome was assessed by relapses during the 2-year treatment period and changes in psychosocial functioning as measured by the Global Assessment Scale. A cost- effectiveness analysis was also carried out. The results indicated that the most effective programme measured by relapse was also the cheapest the psychoeducational programme. Patients with poor premorbid psychosocial functioning benefit most from this treatment. Decisive with respect to how effective the programme can be is the cooperativeness of patients' parents and their ability to change their emotional attitudes toward the patient.
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica., 89(3) : 211-218
- Year: 1994
- Problem: Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
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Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Psychoeducation
Zhang, M., Wang, M., Li, J., Phillips, M. R.
At the time of discharge from their first stay in psychiatric hospital, 78 male schizophrenic patients were randomly assigned to a family intervention (experimental) group or a 'standard care' control group and were followed for the next 18 months. The family intervention consisted of both group and individual counselling sessions every 1-3 months that focused on education about the illness and on methods of dealing with the patient. There was a significantly lower rate of hospital readmission in the family intervention group than in the control group (15.4% versus 53.8%, chi 2 = 12.75, P < 0.01), and the mean hospital-free period for those who were readmitted was significantly longer in the experimental group than in the control group (245 days versus 130 days, t = 2.91, P < 0.01). Moreover, the clinical status and overall level of functioning in patients who were not readmitted were significantly better in experimental subjects than in control subjects. Stratified analysis showed that family intervention and regular use of medication had independent and additive effects on the outcome. During the 18 months after the index discharge patients who did not take medication regularly and who did not receive family intervention were 7.9 times as likely to be readmitted to hospital as patients who took medication regularly and received family intervention.
British Journal of Psychiatry, (24) : 96-102
- Year: 1994
- Problem: Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Spencer, E. K., Kafantaris, V., Padron-Gayol, M. V., Rosenberg, C. R., Campbell, M.
This report presents preliminary findings in an ongoing double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the safety and efficacy of haloperidol in hospitalized schizophrenic children. The subjects are diagnosed schizophrenic by DSM-III-R criteria and admitted to the Bellevue Hospital Children's Inpatient Psychiatric Unit. The study is 10 weeks in duration and employs a crossover design. After a 2-week placebo baseline period, the subjects enter double-blind treatment for 8 weeks, by random assignment receiving either haloperidol for 4 weeks followed by placebo for 4 weeks, or alternatively, placebo for 4 weeks followed by haloperidol for 4 weeks. Dosage, regulated individually, ranges from 0.5 to 10.0 mg/day. To date, of an anticipated 20 subjects, 12 have completed the study. These children, 9 boys and 3 girls, were ages 5.5 to 11.75 years upon study entry. Haloperidol was superior to placebo for reduction of target symptoms with optimal haloperidol dose of 0.5 to 3.5 mg/day (0.02-0.12 mg/kg/day).
Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 28(2) : 183-6
- Year: 1992
- Problem: Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
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Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions (any)
, Typical Antipsychotics (first generation)
McCreadie, R. G., Wiles, D., Grant, S., Crockett, G. T., Mahmood, Z., Livingston, M. G., Watt, J. A., Greene, J. G., Kershaw, P. W., Todd, N. A.
Of 49 schizophrenic patients followed up 2 years after their first admission to hospital, 37% were well, 47% had been readmitted to hospital at some time over the 2 years, and 38% showed schizophrenic symptoms at follow-up. A poor outcome at 2 years was associated with male sex, poor outcome after the first 5 weeks of the first admission, negative schizophrenic symptoms on first admission, and a diagnosis of definite or probable schizophrenia using the Feighner criteria. Only 23% were in employment. A small double-blind discontinuation study of maintenance antipsychotic medication during the second year found more relapses in those switched to placebo medication. Repeat psychometric assessment at 2 years confirmed modest improvements found at 12 months; that is, there was no evidence of intellectual decline. Relatives showed no more psychosocial distress than that found in a normal community sample; what distress there was correlated with patients' schizophrenic symptoms.
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 80(6) : 597-602
- Year: 1989
- Problem: Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: Relapse prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions (any)
, Typical Antipsychotics (first generation)
Kane, John M., Rifkin, A, Quitkin, F, Nayak, D, Ramos-Lorenzi, J
28 patients (mean age 21.5 yrs) who had recently recovered from an acute-onset, 1st episode schizophrenic illness were randomly given fluphenazine hydrochloride, decanoate, or placebo for a 1-yr period. Seven of 17 Ss receiving placebo experienced a psychotic relapse, whereas none of 11 drug-treated Ss experienced a relapse. 18 of the 26 Ss available for follow-up (mean interval 3.5 yrs) experienced a 2nd psychotic relapse either during the study or afterward, and 50% of the original sample experienced a 3rd episode. (20 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved).
Archives of General Psychiatry, 39(1) : 70-73
- Year: 1982
- Problem: Psychosis Disorders
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: Relapse prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions (any)
, Typical Antipsychotics (first generation)