Disorders - Stimulant Use
Geisner, I. M., Rhew, I. C., Fossos-Wong, N., Dashtestani, K. S., Kilmer, J. R., Lee, C. M., Arria, A. M., Cimini, M. D., Larimer, M. E.
Objectives: In addition to binge drinking and marijuana use, the prevalence of prescription stimulant medication (PSM) misuse is increasing among college students. A possible cause is the misperceived prevalence and acceptability of PSM misuse and incorrect assumptions of the academic benefits they offer. We will present personalized normative feedback messages for use in an intervention and their impact on normative perceptions of PSM, alcohol, and marijuana use. The relationship between reductions in perceived norms and substance use is examined. Method(s): Students who misused PSM at least once in the past year were recruited at 9 campuses across the country to participate in web-based assessment and were randomized to the Personalized Feedback Intervention (PFI; N = 167) or control (N = 173). PFI participants received 5 components of feedback spaced 1 week apart. All students completed baseline and 6-month follow-up assessments measuring their own PSM misuse and drinking and marijuana use, as well as perceptions of PSM misuse and drinking and marijuana use among students at their university. Result(s): Poisson regression revealed a 26% reduction in perceived PSM norms in intervention compared with control, adjusted for baseline norms (p < 0.001). For alcohol use, participants of PFI reported a significant reduction in normative perception of alcohol quantity (p < 0.007). For marijuana use, participants of PFI showed a significant reduction in the perception of the percentage of students who used marijuana in the past year (p < 0.001). Norms were significantly related to studentsaTM own use. Among those who misused PSM, those who did not change or increased their PSM normative misperception used PSM more frequently than those who decreased PSM norms [rate ratio (RR) = 1.63, p < 0.001]. For those that reported drinking over a typical week, there was a 29% increase in drinks per week for those whose perceived drinking norms increased or remained the same compared with those whose norms decreased (RR = 1.29; p < 0.001). The results for marijuana approached but did not reach significance. Conclusion(s): Extending normative perception research for alcohol and marijuana, interventions designed to correct norms of PSM misuse may prove effective in reducing misperceptions and subsequent use. COLST, STIM, SUD Copyright © 2018
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 57 (10 Supplement) : S226
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Stimulant Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Personalised feedback, normative feedback
Champion, K E., Newton, Nicola C., Stapinski, L A., Teesson, M
Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of an online school-based prevention program for ecstasy (MDMA) and new psychoactive substances (NPS). Design: Cluster randomized controlled trial with two groups (intervention and control). Setting Eleven secondary schools in Australia. Participants: A total of 1126 students (mean age: 14.9 years). Intervention: The internet-based Climate Schools: Ecstasy and Emerging Drugs module uses cartoon storylines to convey information about harmful drug use. It was delivered once weekly, during a 4-week period, during health education classes. Control schools received health education as usual. Measurement: Primary outcomes were self-reported intentions to use ecstasy and NPS at 12 months. Secondary outcomes were ecstasy and NPS knowledge and life-time use of ecstasy and NPS. Surveys were administered at baseline, post-intervention and 6 and 12 month post-baseline. Findings: At 12 months, the proportion of students likely to use NPS was significantly greater in the control group (1.8%) than the intervention group [0.5%; odds ratio (OR) = 10.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.31-78.91]. However, students' intentions to use ecstasy did not differ significantly between groups (control = 2.1%, intervention = 1.6%; OR = 5.91, 95% CI = 1.01-34.73). There was a significant group difference in the change from baseline to post-test for NPS knowledge (beta = -0.42, 95% CI = -0.62 to -0.21, Cohen's d = 0.77), with controls [mean = 2.78, standard deviation (SD = 1.48] scoring lower than intervention students (mean = 3.85, SD = 1.49). There was also evidence of a significant group difference in ecstasy knowledge at post-test (control: mean = 9.57, SD = 3.31; intervention: mean = 11.57, SD = 3.61; beta = -0.54, 95% CI = -0.97 to -0.12, P = 0.01, d = 0.73). Conclusions: The Climate Schools: Ecstasy and Emerging Drugs module, a universal online school-based prevention program, appeared to reduce students' intentions to use new psychoactive substances and increased knowledge about ecstasy and new psychoactive substances in the short term. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
Addiction, 111(8) : 1396-1405
- Year: 2016
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any), Stimulant Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Tait, R. J., McKetin, R., Kay-Lambkin, F., Carron-Arthur, B., Bennett, A., Bennett, K., Christensen, H., Griffiths, K. M.
Background: The use of amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) places a large burden on health services.; Objective: The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of a self-guided Web-based intervention ("breakingtheice") for ATS users over 6 months via a free-to-access site.; Methods: We conducted a randomized trial comparing a waitlist control with a fully automated intervention containing 3 modules derived from cognitive behavioral therapy and motivation enhancement. The main outcome was self-reported ATS use in the past 3 months assessed at 3- and 6-month follow-ups using the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). Secondary outcomes were help-seeking intentions (general help-seeking questionnaire), actual help seeking (actual help-seeking questionnaire), psychological distress (Kessler 10), polydrug use (ASSIST), quality of life (European Health Interview Survey), days out of role, and readiness to change. Follow-up data were evaluated using an intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis with a group by time interaction.; Results: We randomized 160 people (intervention: n=81; control: n=79). At 6 months, 38 of 81 (47%) intervention and 41 of 79 (52%) control participants provided data. ATS scores significantly declined for both groups, but the interaction effect was not significant. There were significant ITT time by group interactions for actual help seeking (rate ratio [RR] 2.16; d=0.45) and help-seeking intentions (RR 1.17; d=0.32), with help seeking increasing for the intervention group and declining for the control group. There were also significant interactions for days completely (RR 0.50) and partially (RR 0.74) out of role favoring the intervention group. However, 37% (30/81) of the intervention group did not complete even 1 module.; Conclusions: This self-guided Web-based intervention encouraged help seeking associated with ATS use and reduced days out of role, but it did not reduce ATS use. Thus, this program provides a means of engaging with some sections of a difficult-to-reach group to encourage treatment, but a substantial minority remained disengaged.; Trial Registration: Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12611000947909; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=343307 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6Y0PGGp8q).;
Journal of Medical Internet Research, 17(4) : e105-e105
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Stimulant Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy, Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Vogl, L. E., Champion, K. E., Teesson, M.
BACKGROUND: Psychostimulants and cannabis are two of the three most commonly used illicit drugs by young Australians. As such, it is important to deliver prevention for these substances to prevent their misuse and to reduce associated harms. The present study aims to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the universal computer-based Climate Schools: Psychostimulant and Cannabis Module.
METHODS: A cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted with 1734 Year 10 students (mean age = 15.44 years; SD = 0.41) from 21 secondary schools in Australia. Schools were randomised to receive either the six lesson computer-based Climate Schools program or their usual health classes, including drug education, over the year.
RESULTS: The Climate Schools program was shown to increase knowledge of cannabis and psychostimulants and decrease pro-drug attitudes. In the short-term the program was effective in subduing the uptake and plateauing the frequency of ecstasy use, however there were no changes in meth/amphetamine use. In addition, females who received the program used cannabis significantly less frequently than students who received drug education as usual. Finally, the Climate Schools program was related to decreasing students' intentions to use meth/amphetamine and ecstasy in the future, however these effects did not last over time.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide support for the use of a harm-minimisation approach and computer technology as an innovative platform for the delivery of prevention education for illicit drugs in schools. The current study indicated that teachers and students enjoyed the program and that it is feasible to extend the successful Climate Schools model to the prevention of other drugs, namely cannabis and psychostimulants.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12613000492752.
Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention & Policy, 9 : 24
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Cannabis Use, Stimulant Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Psychoeducation, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Ghasemi, A., Rahimi-Foroshani, A., Kheibar, N., Latifi, M., Khanjani, N., Eshagh-Afkari, M., Taghdisi, M. H., Ghasemi, F., Shojaeizadeh, D., Dastoorpour, M.
Background: Nowadays there are more concerns about drug treatment of methamphetamine abusers whereas quality of life (QOL) related supportive psychotherapy is less credited. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of family-centered empowerment model on social support and QOL of methamphetamine users and their families. Patients and Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial; individuals were randomly allocated to three groups: a group for educating methamphetamine users in recovery (95 subjects), a group for educating a family member of methamphetamine users in recovery (95 subjects) and a control group (95 subjects). Data collecting instruments were standard questionnaires of social support and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Data were analyzed using χ2-test, t-test, paired t-test, Pearson's correlation and ANOVA. Results: Mean scores of QOL and social support dimensions changed significantly in two intervention groups (P < 0.0001), but didn't change in the control group (P > 0.05). Also, there was a positive significant relation (P < 0.05) between total social support and all dimensions of QOL for all study groups. Conclusions: Family-centered empowerment model, easily adapted to methamphetamine users and their families, leads to improved social supports and QOL. © 2014, Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal; Published by Kowsar Corp.
Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 16(3) :
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Stimulant Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Norberg, M. M., Hides, L., Olivier, J., Khawar, L., McKetin, R., Copeland, J.
Studies examining the ability of motivational enhancement therapy (MET) to augment education provision among ecstasy users have produced mixed results and none have examined whether treatment fidelity was related to ecstasy use outcomes. The primary objectives of this multi-site, parallel, two-group randomized controlled trial were to determine if a single-session of MET could instill greater commitment to change and reduce ecstasy use and related problems more so than an education-only intervention and whether MET sessions delivered with higher treatment fidelity are associated with better outcomes. The secondary objective was to assess participants' satisfaction with their assigned interventions. Participants (N=174; Mage=23.62) at two Australian universities were allocated randomly to receive a 15-minute educational session on ecstasy use (n=85) or a 50-minute session of MET that included an educational component (n=89). Primary outcomes were assessed at baseline, and then at 4-, 16-, and 24-weeks postbaseline, while the secondary outcome measure was assessed 4-weeks postbaseline by researchers blind to treatment allocation. Overall, the treatment fidelity was acceptable to good in the MET condition. There were no statistical differences at follow-up between the groups on the primary outcomes of ecstasy use, ecstasy-related problems, and commitment to change. Both intervention groups reported a 50% reduction in their ecstasy use and a 20% reduction in the severity of their ecstasy-related problems at the 24-week follow up. Commitment to change slightly improved for both groups (9%-17%). Despite the lack of between-group statistical differences on primary outcomes, participants who received a single session of MET were slightly more satisfied with their intervention than those who received education only. MI fidelity was not associated with ecstasy use outcomes. Given these findings, future research should focus on examining mechanisms of change. Such work may suggest new methods for enhancing outcomes. Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry: ACTRN12611000136909.; Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Behavior Therapy, 45(6) : 745-759
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Stimulant Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy, Psychoeducation
Looby, A., De-Young, K. P., Earleywine, M.
Background: College students continue to report nonmedical prescription stimulant use to enhance alertness and concentration. Despite increasing prevalence of this behavior, techniques for preventing or treating it are lacking. An intervention that focuses on challenging positive consequence-oriented beliefs about prescription stimulants may be efficacious in preventing use. Methods: The current study examined the efficacy of a randomized controlled expectancy challenge intervention to prevent nonmedical prescription stimulant use among 96 at-risk, stimulant-naïve college students (i.e., low grade point average, Greek involvement, binge drinking, cannabis use). Forty-seven participants completed a brief expectancy challenge intervention aimed at modifying positive expectancies for prescription stimulants, to consequently deter initiation of use. The remaining participants received no intervention. Results: The expectancy challenge successfully modified expectancies related to prescription stimulant effects. Nevertheless, this intervention group and a control group showed comparable rates of nonmedical prescription use at 6-month follow-up. However, negative expectancies were significant predictors of reduced odds of future use. Conclusions: A challenge session appears to modify stimulant-related expectancies, which are related to nonmedical prescription stimulant use. Nevertheless, a more potent challenge or booster sessions might be essential for longer-term changes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved). (journal abstract)
Drug & Alcohol Dependence, 132(1-2) : 362-368
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Stimulant Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Heinzerling, Keith G., Gadzhyan, Janette, vanOudheusden, Henry, Rodriguez, Felipe, McCracken, James, Shoptaw, Steven
Purpose: To perform a pilot clinical trial of bupropion for methamphetamine abuse/dependence among adolescents.; Methods: Nineteen adolescents with methamphetamine abuse (n = 2) or dependence (n = 17) were randomly assigned to bupropion SR 150 mg twice daily or placebo for 8 weeks with outpatient substance abuse counseling.; Results: Bupropion was well-tolerated except for one female in the bupropion group who was hospitalized for suicidal ideation during a methamphetamine relapse. Adolescents receiving bupropion and females provided significantly fewer methamphetamine-free urine tests compared to participants receiving placebo (p = .043) and males (p = .005) respectively.; Conclusions: Results do not support the feasibility of additional trials of bupropion for adolescent methamphetamine abuse/dependence. Future studies should investigate the influence of gender on adolescent methamphetamine abuse and treatment outcomes.; Copyright © 2013 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Journal of Adolescent Health, 52(4) : 502-505
- Year: 2013
- Problem: Stimulant Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions (any)
, Medications used to treat substance abuse
Sinsak-Suvanchot, K., Somrongthong, R., Phukhao, D.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a Group Motivational Interviewing plus Brief Cognitive Behavior Therapy (GMI-BCBT) in reducing amphetamine dependency in drug abused patients with recurring psychological problems. Material and Method: A quasi-experimental study was used with 200 patients from two psychiatric hospitals forming two groups of participants. The patients reported amphetamine use at least once in the past month prior to the present study. They were all assessed at baseline with three follow-up sessions. Patients in one psychiatric hospital were assigned to usual care and were the study group (n = 100) and patients at the other psychiatric hospital, the intervention group, were assigned to four sessions of GMI-BCBT plus usual care (n = 100). Regarding the follow-up outcomes, comparison of GMI-BCBT plus usual care and usual care only was analyzed by survival analysis since stopping amphetamine use. Results: Most (59.5%) patients suffered from major depression. The intervention group had significantly more survival rate within three months (p-value < 0.001). Both groups had a similar pattern of drug use in quantity and frequency. Their mean score of anxiety and depression were also reducing at baseline, three, and seven months (p-value < 0.001). Conclusion: The present result suggested that the combined therapy GMI-BCBT is more effectively reduced the rate of amphetamine use for out-patient at psychiatric hospital than usual care only.
Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, 95(8) : 1075-1080
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Stimulant Use
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy
Sherman, Susan G., Sutcliffe, Catherine, Srirojn, Bangorn, Latkin, Carl A., Aramratanna, Apinun, Celentano, David D.
Since the 1990s, there has been a proliferation of methamphetamine use in Thailand, particularly among young people. Simultaneously, risky sexual behaviors among this population have increased. This study examined the effects of a peer network intervention and a life-skills intervention on methamphetamine and HIV risk behaviors among 18-25 year olds in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Between April 2005 and June 2007, we conducted a randomized behavioral trial to compare the efficacy of a peer educator, network-oriented intervention with a best practice, life-skills curriculum on methamphetamine use, sexual behaviors, and incident sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Follow-up occurred at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12 months. Both conditions consisted of seven, 2h, small group sessions. Longitudinal analyses of the three outcomes were conducted by fitting repeated measures logistic regression models using generalized estimating equations. Participants (N=983) attended a median of six sessions, with no differences between arms. At each follow-up visit, retention was greater than 85%. Participants were 75% male and were a median of 19 years old. Over time, participants in both conditions showed a significant and dramatic decline in self-reported methamphetamine use (99% at baseline vs. 53% at 12 months, p<0.0001) and significant increase in consistent condom use (32% baseline vs. 44% at 12 months, p<0.0001). Incident STIs were common, with no differences between arms. Chlamydia had the highest incidence rate, 9.85/100 person years and HIV had a low incidence rate of 0.71/100 person years. Among young Thais, we found that a peer educator, network-oriented intervention was associated with reductions in methamphetamine use, increases in condom use, and reductions in incident STIs over 12 months. We also found parallel reductions with the life-skills condition. To our knowledge, this is the first such trial targeting this population. Small group interventions are an effective means of reducing methamphetamine use and sexual risk among Thai youth.
Social Science & Medicine, 68(1) : 69-79
- Year: 2009
- Problem: Stimulant Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Psychoeducation, Skills training
Shoptaw, Steven J., Kao, Uyen, Heinzerling, Keith, Ling, Walter
Background: Objectives: Search Strategy: Selection Criteria: Data Collection and Analysis: Main Results: Authors' Conclusions: Few studies examined treatments for amphetamine withdrawal, although it is a common problem among amphetamine users. Its symptoms, in particular intense craving, may be a critical factor leading to relapse to amphetamine use. In clinical practice, medications for cocaine withdrawal are commonly used to manage amphetamine withdrawal although the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of these two illicit substances are different.To assess the effectiveness of pharmacological alone or in combination with psychosocial treatment for amphetamine withdrawals on discontinuation rates, global state, withdrawal symptoms, craving, and other outcomes.MEDLINE (1966 - 2008), CINAHL (1982 - 2008), PsycINFO (1806 - 2008), CENTRAL (Cochrane Library 2008 issue 2), references of obtained articles.All randomised controlled and clinical trials evaluating pharmacological and or psychosocial treatments (alone or combined) for people with amphetamine withdrawal symptoms.Two authors evaluated and extracted data independently. The data were extracted from intention-to-treat analyses. The Relative Risk (RR) with the 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used to assess dichotomous outcomes. The Weighted Mean Difference (WMD) with 95% CI was used to assess continuous outcomes.Four randomised controlled trials (involving 125 participants) met the inclusion criteria for the review. Two studies found that amineptine significantly reduced discontinuation rates and improved overall clinical presentation, but did not reduce withdrawal symptoms or craving compared to placebo. The benefits of mirtazapine over placebo for reducing amphetamine withdrawal symptoms were not as clear. One study suggested that mirtazapine may reduce hyperarousal and anxiety symptoms associated with amphetamine withdrawal. A more recent study failed to find any benefit of mirtazapine over placebo on retention or on amphetamine withdrawal symptoms.No medication is effective for treatment of amphetamine withdrawal. Amineptine showed reduction in discontinuation rates and improvement in clinical presentation compared to placebo, but had no effect on reducing withdrawal symptoms or craving. In spite of these limited benefits, amineptine is not available for use due to concerns over abuse liability when using the drug. The benefits of mirtazapine as a withdrawal agent are less clear based on findings from two randomised controlled trials: one report showed improvements in amphetamine withdrawal symptoms over placebo; a second report showed no differences in withdrawal symptoms compared to placebo. Further potential treatment studies should examine medications that increase central nervous system activity involving dopamine, norepinephrine and/or serotonin neurotransmitters, including mirtazapine.
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (2) : CD003021
- Year: 2009
- Problem: Stimulant Use
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions (any)
, Tetracyclic antidepressants (TECA/NSSAs), Medications used to treat substance abuse, Other antidepressants
Srisurapanont, Manit, Sombatmai, Sangworn, Boripuntakul, Theerarat
This study evaluated the short-term (eight-week) benefits of brief intervention (BI) in students aged 14-19 years old who met the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for methamphetamine (MA) dependence or abuse. The participants were randomly assigned to receive two 20-minute sessions of BI or one 15-minute session of psychoeducation (PE). Primary outcomes of interest were the decrease of MA use in days of use (per week) units and MA tablets used (per day when used). All outcomes were assessed at baseline (week 0), week 4, and week 8 (endpoint). A total of 48 participants were enrolled in the study (24 on BI and 24 on PE treatment). At week 4, the numbers of dropouts in the BI and PE groups were 7 and 5, respectively. The frequency and amount of MA use decreased significantly in both groups. At week 8, the days of MA use had decreased in the BI group by a significantly larger number than in the PE group (t=2, df=34, p=0.04). BI appears to have some minimal short-term benefits for adolescents with MA use disorders. It may decrease the number of days that MA is used.
American Journal on Addictions, 16(2) : 111-6
- Year: 2007
- Problem: Stimulant Use
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Psychoeducation, Personalised feedback, normative feedback