Disorders - substance use disorders
Schwinn, T.M., Schinke, S.P., Keller, B., Hopkins, J.
Introduction: Rates of drug use among early adolescent girls meet or exceed rates of their male counterparts. Girls are also vulnerable to differential risk factors for drug use. Yet, expressly designed prevention programs targeting this population are absent. The present study reports 2- and 3-year findings on a web-based drug abuse prevention program for adolescent girls. Methods: A sample of adolescent girls (N = 788) were recruited via Facebook. Online, all girls completed pretests; girls were randomly assigned to a 9-session intervention arm or to a measurement-only control arm and all girls completed posttests. All girls also completed 1-, 2-, and 3-year follow-up measurements. Results: At 2-year follow-up and compared to girls in the control arm, intervention-arm girls reported less past-month cigarette, marijuana, and "other" drug use (club drugs, cocaine, ecstasy, hallucinogens, heroin, inhalants, methamphetamines, steroids, prescription drugs), lower rates of peer drug use, and increased scores on drug refusal skills, coping skills, self-esteem, media literacy, and self-efficacy. At 3-year follow-up, and compared to girls in the control arm, intervention-arm girls reported less past-month cigarette and e-cigarette use, lower rates of peer drug use, lower reported anxiety and stress, and increased scores on drug refusal skills, self-esteem, media literacy, self-efficacy, and body image. Conclusions: Longitudinal outcome data lend support to the efficacy of a gender-specific, web-based drug abuse prevention program to reduce adolescent girls' drug use rates and associated risk factors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)
Addictive Behaviors, 93 : 86-92
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Godley, M. D., Passetti, L. L., Hunter, B. D., Greene, A. R., White, W. L.
Research on continuing care treatment for adolescents following discharge from primary treatment has demonstrated benefit, yet treatment providers encounter multiple barriers in its implementation. Less formal recovery support following treatment is promising, but controlled trials of effectiveness are lacking. This study reports results of a randomized trial of recovery support provided by student volunteers via telephone to youth discharged from residential treatment. Both direct and indirect effects were predicted for proximal (pro-recovery peers, recovery management activities) and distal (AOD use and problems, AOD remission) outcomes.
Method: Prior to treatment discharge, participants were randomized to either 9 months of post-treatment Volunteer Recovery Support for Adolescents (VRSA; n = 201) or continuing care services as usual (SAU; n = 201) and assessed over 12 months post- discharge.
Results: There were significant direct effects for VRSA to have more involvement with pro-recovery peers and recovery management activities than SAU. VRSA also had significant indirect effects on reducing AOD use and problems and increasing remission via increases in pro-recovery peers and recovery management activities at 9- and 12-month assessments. Dose-response analyses demonstrated significant increments of improvement in proximal and distal outcomes as VRSA session completion rate increased, but effectiveness attenuated at the post-VRSA (12- month) follow-up assessment.
Conclusion: Findings suggest that VRSA is a promising option for post-treatment recovery support, especially in the higher dose range. Additional research is needed to test the feasibility of providing VRSA in the higher dose range to a larger proportion of intent to treat samples and extending VRSA duration.
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 98 : 15-25
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions, Other service delivery and improvement interventions
Marsiglia, F. F., Wu, S., Ayers, S., Weide, A.
This article advances knowledge about the effectiveness of applying a community-based efficacious parenting intervention in parallel with an efficacious preadolescent intervention in changing substance abuse norms among preadolescent Latino youth. The study employed a longitudinal, randomized control group design comparing three groups: (1) Parent intervention combined with a Youth intervention: Parent/Youth; (2) Parent intervention without a Youth intervention: Parent Only; and (3) Treatment as usual: Comparison. In the comparison group, parents participated in a standard parenting program delivered by the community partner, and the youth received the usual drug use prevention programming offered in their schools. Data from both parents and youth at the19 participating schools were collected at pre-test, immediate post-test (4 months after pre-test), and two follow-up (8 & 20 months after the pre-test). The total sample includes 532 families (parent-child dyads). The parent-child dyads consisted of one parent and one youth ages 12-14. The retention rates for both parents and preadolescent were high across the different waves of data collection (79%-96%). Regression results of youth substance use norms were calculated based on three permutations of data: (a) original data, with no imputation and no propensity score matching; (b) imputed data but no propensity score matching; and (c) imputed data plus propensity score matching. Compared to the Comparison group, the Parent/Youth condition was the most effective in changing youth's norms, closely followed by the Parent Only condition. These findings make a significant contribution in advancing knowledge on family/youth substance use prevention for Latinos in a community environment. Although the study took place in a specific urban center in the Southwest US, its findings can be generalized to other urban communities of similar characteristics across the country. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc.
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 97 : 75-83
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Morgan-Lopez, A. A., Elek, E., Graham, P. W., Saavedra, L. M., Bradshaw, M., Clarke, T.
The emerging dual threats of underaged drinking (UAD) and prescription drug misuse (PDM) require sustained prevention efforts across multiple levels of interventions. In response to the continuing proliferation of UAD and PDM among youth and young adults, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) developed the Partnerships for Success (PFS) program. Across five cohorts funded from 2012 to 2016, PFS created linkages between health care providers, treatment and prevention services providers, government agencies, and nonprofit organizations for the delivery of multiple sets of services (e.g., prevention education, community activities, screening) targeted toward UAD and PDM. This paper reports on the impact of the PFS program on reductions in ethanol and prescription drug poisoning exposures as reported from data in the National Poisoning Data System (NPDS). Across 35 States, communities targeted by PFS interventions were compared to non-targeted communities using a non-equivalent comparison groups design and propensity score weighting. Using propensity-weighted, multilevel latent growth modeling, steeper reductions in ethanol and prescription drug poisoning exposure call rates were observed in States which had a higher proportion of communities participating in PFS. Grantee-level longitudinal analogs to Cohen's d effect sizes ranged from -0.24 to -0.97, whereas PFS' effects on individual communities (net of Statewide effects) were negligible. The study serves as a unique exemplar of using the NPDS to extract community-level intervention effects that might otherwise be "hidden" within epidemiological data while underscoring the cumulative effects of PFS' community-level efforts in stemming the tide on underaged drinking and prescription drug misuse. Copyright © 2019
Addictive Behaviors, 95 : 220-225
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
, Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Other service delivery and improvement interventions
Marsiglia, F. F., Ayers, S. L., Robbins, D., Nagoshi, J., Baldwin-White, A., Castro, F. G.
Drawing from an ecodevelopmental framework, this article examines if adding a parenting component, Families Preparing the New Generation (Familias Preparando la Nueva Generacion), to an efficacious classroom-based drug abuse prevention intervention, keepin'it REAL, will boost the effects of the youth intervention in preventing substance use for middle school Mexican-heritage students. Youth attending schools in a large urban area in the Southwestern U.S. (N = 462) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 conditions: parent and youth, youth only, or control. Using ordinary least squares regression, changes in youth substance use outcomes were examined. Results indicate that youth whose parents also participated in prevention programming exhibited significantly lower use of alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana, and inhalants compared to youth who received only keepin'it REAL. These initial effects indicate that involving parents in prevention efforts can strengthen the overall efficacy of a youth prevention intervention. This article discusses specific implications for the design of prevention interventions, policy, and future research. Copyright © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Journal of Community Psychology, 47(2) : 195-209
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Botzet, A. M., Dittel, C., Birkeland, R., Lee, S., Grabowski, J., Winters, K. C.
Much research and attention has focused on addressing the extremes of the adolescent substance use spectrum: either the prevention of substance use prior to its onset or the treatment of those with a substance use disorder (SUD). Little research has looked at adolescents who fall mid-continuum. Adolescents who use substances in this mild-to-moderate range may be efficiently and cost-effectively treated using brief interventions based on cognitive-behavioral (CB) and motivational interviewing (MI) strategies. Accessibility and feasibility of providing interventions may also be enhanced by training parents in application of CB and MI principles. An innovative home-based brief intervention for parents whose children engaged in mild to moderate drug abuse was developed and evaluated using a quasi-experimental design. Participants were parents and their adolescent child from the 7-county metro area of Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minnesota. Decreased substance use and increased family cohesion were the predicted outcomes of the Home Base intervention. Results suggest decreased adolescent marijuana use frequency, decreased alcohol use disorder symptomology, and increased parental happiness with their adolescent child. Alcohol and tobacco use frequency were statistically unchanged. Baseline levels of drug use severity moderated the relation between intervention and outcomes. These findings support the potential utility of this approach and also indicate the need to further develop accessible and efficient interventions for mild to moderate SUD. Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 99 : 124-133
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Maalouf, W., Stojanovic, M., Kiefer, M., Campello, G., Heikkila, H., El-Khatib, Z.
Development of personal and social skills in a classroom prevents later drug use and alcohol abuse, and influence-related risk factors. However, clinical trials on the potential impact of such programs from low- or middle-income countries remain limited. Lions Quest Skills for Adolescence (LQSFA), a school-based prevention intervention supporting life skills, was implemented in three South East European countries. This was a collaboration between the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, the Lions Clubs International Foundation, and the Ministries of Education of Serbia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Montenegro. The pilot was a multisite non-randomized trial. A total of 2964 elementary school students received the intervention through 232 instructors trained by the same internationally certified trainer. These were compared to 2232 students following the regular curriculum, which does not include LQFSA, in the same elementary schools. The assessment was done at the beginning and at the end of the same academic year (period of 10 months). Despite limited fluctuations, the overall results indicated an encouraging outcome on the current use of substances (alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana) as well as intention to using these substances in the next 3 months among current users. This study attempts to address this aforementioned gap in literature and contributes to the body of research demonstrating the value, feasibility, and transferability of life skills programs in achieving prevention outcomes in South East Europe. Moreover, it paves the way to a future randomized clinical trial to further corroborate the results, overcoming limitation in current study design.
Prevention Science, 20(4) : 555-565
- Year: 2019
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Skills training, Other Psychological Interventions
Kelley, A., Fatupaito, B., Witzel, M.
American Indian youth substance use is a major public health concern. To date, there has been limited evaluation of American Indian youth substance use prevention programs. Evaluation of prevention programs is necessary to understand the aspects of programming that are effective or not effective. This mixed-methods evaluation focuses on select outcomes of a 3-year culturally-based prevention program located in six American Indian communities in the Rocky Mountain Region. The goals of the prevention program are to reduce binge drinking by 30% and increase community readiness by 1-point over a 5- year period. In the first year of the program, community members worked with program staff to develop an evaluation plan that would measure the following outcomes: lowering substance use, increasing community readiness, and increasing the reach of prevention messaging through culturally based prevention. The primary research questions this outcome evaluation sought to answer were as follows: 1) Are there differences in American Indian youth who participate in culturally-based prevention activities compared with American Indian youth who do not participate in these activities? 2) Was the prevention program effective in increasing community readiness over a 3-year period? 3) Did community involvement in prevention activities increase overtime? Results from this evaluation indicate that substance use was similar among intervention (n=200) and non-intervention youth (n=369). This was somewhat surprising because Intervention youth reported higher levels of social support and community connections than non-intervention group youth. Community readiness decreased -.81 point from 2015 to 2017. The reach of prevention activities increased 365% from 2015 to 2017. We provide lessons learned that may help other communities as they document outcomes related to prevention efforts. Substance use is a multi-faceted problem facing our communities, families, schools, and nation. Innovative, effective, culturally-based prevention programs like the one highlighted in this paper underscore the need for primary prevention strategies. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Evaluation and Program Planning, 71 : 28-35
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions, Other service delivery and improvement interventions
Ismayilova, L., Terlikbayeva, A.
Purpose: The knowledge-based approach to substance use and HIV prevention, commonly used in Central Asia, does not equip at-risk adolescents with risk reduction skills. This pilot study aims to adapt and test the feasibility and estimate the effect size parameters of a skill-based and family-focused intervention for at-risk adolescents from communities affected by heroin trade and use in Kazakhstan, located on the major drug trafficking route from Afghanistan. Method(s): This National Institute on Drug Abuse-funded pilot trial used a mixed-methods approach and included 181 adolescents (ages 14-17) that reported at least one risk factor (e.g., substance-using family members or friends and parental criminal history). In addition to the school-based health education program, intervention-arm adolescent-caregiver dyads received three computerized pilot sessions focusing on risk reduction self-efficacy, resistance to peer pressure, and strengthening of family relationships. Adolescents completed baseline, 3- and 6-month Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interview surveys in Russian and treatment group adolescents (n = 12) also participated in postintervention focus groups. Result(s): Small size effects were observed for youth-level theoretical mediators associated with lower substance use. Compared to the control group, intervention-arm adolescents showed improvement in personal and social competencies such as assertiveness (Cohen's d =.21) and self-esteem (d =.22) at 3 months and increased engagement in prosocial activities at 6 months (d =.41). Adolescents from the intervention group also reported improved self-control skills helping alleviate emotional distress (an increase in anger and tension management d =.30 at 3 months and a reduction in temper d = -.27 at 6 months) along with a lower likelihood of binge drinking at 6 months (odds ratio =.18, p =.023). Conclusion(s): In middle-income countries like Kazakhstan, an intervention that utilizes interactive technologies and combines an empirically tested skills-based approach with family involvement may be an engaging, acceptable, and culturally appropriate tool for preventing substance use among at-risk youth. Copyright © 2018 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
Journal of Adolescent Health, 63(3) : 301-312
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Eddie, D., Conway, F. N., Alayan, N., Buckman, J., Bates, M. E.
Heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV BFB) shows promise as an adjunct intervention for individuals receiving treatment for substance use disorder (SUD), potentially due to its capacity to reduce craving and negative affect. The present study sought to examine the utility of integrating HRV biofeedback into a college recovery housing program and gauging its ability to reduce craving and negative affect in young adults in remission from SUD. Forty-six residents of an SUD recovery house at a public university in the northeastern United States took part in a non-randomized controlled trial. The active intervention was 12 weeks of HRV BFB performed over a college semester. The control intervention was a semester-long, waitlist condition. Changes in craving, perceived stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were measured across time during the active HRV BFB intervention and compared to changes that occurred during the waitlist period using piecewise regression analyses. Significant reductions in craving were noted during HRV BFB, but not during the waitlist control condition; however, the difference in slopes between conditions was not statistically significant. Levels of self-reported craving, stress, anxiety, and depression varied substantially between participants and across time. The results suggest that use of HRV BFB in the college recovery setting as a tool to help reduce craving warrants further examination, particularly among individuals with elevated craving. Added value of HRV BFB comes from the fact that it can be easily and affordably implemented in everyday life. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc.
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 92 : 70-76
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
, Relapse prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Biofeedback, neurofeedback, audio/video feedback
MacArthur, G., Caldwell, D. M., Redmore, J., Watkins, S. H., Kipping, R., White, J., Chittleborough, C., Langford, R., Er, V., Lingam, R., Pasch, K., Gunnell, D., Hickman, M., Campbell, R.
BACKGROUND: Engagement in multiple risk behaviours can have adverse consequences for health during childhood, during adolescence, and later in life, yet little is known about the impact of different types of interventions that target multiple risk behaviours in children and young people, or the differential impact of universal versus targeted approaches. Findings from systematic reviews have been mixed, and effects of these interventions have not been quantitatively estimated.
OBJECTIVES: To examine the effects of interventions implemented up to 18 years of age for the primary or secondary prevention of multiple risk behaviours among young people.
SEARCH METHODS: We searched 11 databases (Australian Education Index; British Education Index; Campbell Library; Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL); Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), in the Cochrane Library; Embase; Education Resource Information Center (ERIC); International Bibliography of the Social Sciences; MEDLINE; PsycINFO; and Sociological Abstracts) on three occasions (2012, 2015, and 14 November 2016)). We conducted handsearches of reference lists, contacted experts in the field, conducted citation searches, and searched websites of relevant organisations.
SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), including cluster RCTs, which aimed to address at least two risk behaviours. Participants were children and young people up to 18 years of age and/or parents, guardians, or carers, as long as the intervention aimed to address involvement in multiple risk behaviours among children and young people up to 18 years of age. However, studies could include outcome data on children > 18 years of age at the time of follow-up. Specifically,we included studies with outcomes collected from those eight to 25 years of age. Further, we included only studies with a combined intervention and follow-up period of six months or longer. We excluded interventions aimed at individuals with clinically diagnosed disorders along with clinical interventions. We categorised interventions according to whether they were conducted at the individual level; the family level; or the school level.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We identified a total of 34,680 titles, screened 27,691 articles and assessed 424 full-text articles for eligibility. Two or more review authors independently assessed studies for inclusion in the review, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias.We pooled data in meta-analyses using a random-effects (DerSimonian and Laird) model in RevMan 5.3. For each outcome, we included subgroups related to study type (individual, family, or school level, and universal or targeted approach) and examined effectiveness at up to 12 months' follow-up and over the longer term (> 12 months). We assessed the quality and certainty of evidence using the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.
MAIN RESULTS: We included in the review a total of 70 eligible studies, of which a substantial proportion were universal school-based studies (n = 28; 40%). Most studies were conducted in the USA (n = 55; 79%). On average, studies aimed to prevent four of the primary behaviours. Behaviours that were most frequently addressed included alcohol use (n = 55), drug use (n = 53), and/or antisocial behaviour (n = 53), followed by tobacco use (n = 42). No studies aimed to prevent self-harm or gambling alongside other behaviours.Evidence suggests that for multiple risk behaviours, universal school-based interventions were beneficial in relation to tobacco use (odds ratio (OR) 0.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.60 to 0.97; n = 9 studies; 15,354 participants) and alcohol use (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.92; n = 8 studies; 8751 participants; both moderate-quality evidence) compared to a comparator, and that such interventions may be effective in preventing illicit drug use (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.55 to 1.00; n = 5 studies; 11,058 participants; low-quality evidence) and engagement in any antisocial behaviour (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.98; n = 13 studies; 20,756 participants; very low-quality evidence) at up to 12 months' follow-up, although there was evidence of moderate to substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 49% to 69%). Moderate-quality evidence also showed that multiple risk behaviour universal school-based interventions improved the odds of physical activity (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.50; I2 = 0%; n = 4 studies; 6441 participants). We considered observed effects to be of public health importance when applied at the population level. Evidence was less certain for the effects of such multiple risk behaviour interventions for cannabis use (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.62 to 1.01; P = 0.06; n = 5 studies; 4140 participants; I2 = 0%; moderate-quality evidence), sexual risk behaviours (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.61 to 1.12; P = 0.22; n = 6 studies; 12,633 participants; I2 = 77%; low-quality evidence), and unhealthy diet (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.64 to 1.06; P = 0.13; n = 3 studies; 6441 participants; I2 = 49%; moderate-quality evidence). It is important to note that some evidence supported the positive effects of universal school-level interventions on three or more risk behaviours.For most outcomes of individual- and family-level targeted and universal interventions, moderate- or low-quality evidence suggests little or no effect, although caution is warranted in interpretation because few of these studies were available for comparison (n <= 4 studies for each outcome).Seven studies reported adverse effects, which involved evidence suggestive of increased involvement in a risk behaviour among participants receiving the intervention compared to participants given control interventions.We judged the quality of evidence to be moderate or low for most outcomes, primarily owing to concerns around selection, performance, and detection bias and heterogeneity between studies.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Available evidence is strongest for universal school-based interventions that target multiple- risk behaviours, demonstrating that they may be effective in preventing engagement in tobacco use, alcohol use, illicit drug use, and antisocial behaviour, and in improving physical activity among young people, but not in preventing other risk behaviours. Results of this review do not provide strong evidence of benefit for family- or individual-level interventions across the risk behaviours studied. However, poor reporting and concerns around the quality of evidence highlight the need for high-quality multiple- risk behaviour intervention studies to further strengthen the evidence base in this field.
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 10 : CD009927
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention
, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
Stormshak, E., DeGarmo, D., Chronister, K., Caruthers, A.
Emerging adulthood is characterized by not only opportunity and transition but also a substantial increase in risk behaviors (Fosco et al. Journal of Family Psychology, 26(4), 565-575, 2012; Johnston et al. 2016). Building on prior research, we tested a mediational model hypothesizing that Family Check-Up (FCU) intervention effects on young adult risk would be mediated by increases in self-regulation, and that these changes would continue to affect risk behavior as high school youths transitioned to young adulthood. We also predicted that the intent-to-treat intervention would be associated with lower levels of risk in young adulthood and that this effect would be accounted for by intervention-induced improvements in self-regulation during early adolescence, which in turn would prevent young adult risk. Participants were 593 adolescents and their families recruited from three public middle schools and randomized either to the FCU or to a control group. Item response theory was applied to construct a measure of high-risk behavior at this age, including risk behaviors such as substance abuse, high-risk sexual behavior, and vocational risk. Results suggested that changes in children's self-regulation that occurred early during the middle school years, and that were associated with the FCU, led to reductions in risk behaviors during young adulthood. This study builds on our prior research that has suggested that effects of the FCU during middle school lead to changes in a range of risk behaviors during the transition to high school (Fosco et al. Journal of School Psychology, 51(4), 455-468, 2013; Stormshak et al. School Mental Health, 2(2), 82-9, 2010).
Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research, 19(4) : 549-558
- Year: 2018
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions