Disorders - Eating Disorders
Tillman, K. S., Sell, D. M., Yates, L. A., Mueller, N.
This study investigated the effectiveness of on-campus programming for National Eating Disorder Awareness Week at increasing knowledge of available treatment options and help-seeking intentions for participants with low and high levels of eating concerns. Program attendees were approached as they entered the space reserved for programming and were asked to participate in the study. One hundred thirty-six college students completed the study questionnaire both immediately before attending programming (pre-test) and immediately after attending programming (post-test). Results indicate that after programming both populations reported significantly greater knowledge of on-campus resources and help-seeking intentions for themselves. Only low eating concern participants reported significantly increased help-seeking intentions for a friend. Psychoeducational programming for eating disorders can be effective at increasing access to treatment and encouraging help seeking behaviors for students.
Eating Behaviors, 19 : 133-138
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Eating Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Psychoeducation
Saekow, J., Jones, M., Gibbs, E., Jacobi, C., Fitzsimmons-Craft, E. E., Wilfley, D., Barr-Taylor, C.
Objective: Eating disorders and subclinical eating disorders are serious and disabling diseases with high prevalence rates on college campuses. Many symptomatic students are never screened nor formally diagnosed with an eating disorder and do not receive mental health treatment. Method: This pilot study examines the feasibility, acceptability, and short-term efficacy of a 10-week online intervention, StudentBodies-Eating Disorders, designed to reduce eating disorder symptoms, related psychopathology, and weight and shape concerns. A total of 65 participants were randomized to the online intervention or waitlist control. Results: Results indicate that for study completers, the intervention had large effects for reduction of eating-related psychopathology (. d=. 1.5), weight concerns (. d=. .7), and psychosocial impairment (. d=. .7). Those who completed it rated the program very acceptable. This pilot study suggests the potential efficacy of StudentBodies-Eating Disorders as a self-help intervention for subclinical eating disorders in a non-clinical setting.
Internet Interventions, 2(4) : 419-428
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Eating Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Spettigue, W., Maras, D., Obeid, N., Henderson, K. A., Buchholz, A., Gomez, R., Norris, M. L.
This study evaluated the efficacy of a 2-hour psycho-education session combined with bi-weekly telephone support in increasing parent/caregiver knowledge about eating disorders, increasing self-efficacy by empowering parents to support their child's recovery, and decreasing the impact of eating disorder symptoms on the family. The intervention was targeted at parents/caregivers whose child was waiting to be assessed for an eating disorder. Participants included 51 parents/caregivers and 36 youths. The brief intervention successfully increased parent/caregiver knowledge of the illness, feelings of self-efficacy, and help-seeking behaviors. These findings are clinically useful as waiting lists are common in Canada. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Eating Disorders, 23(1) : 60-75
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Eating Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Psychoeducation, Other Psychological Interventions
Zapata, M. A., Ruiz-Lazaro, P. M., Calvo, A. I., Villas, E., Calvo, D.
Introduction: The ZARIMA programme has proved to be effective when evaluated scientifically (result in a decrease statistically significant in the incidence of eating disorders in intervention group) at the 1 year follow-up using standardized methods. Objective: Selective prevention of Eating Disorders (ED) in adolescents. Methods: Randomised controlled trial with measurements pre- and post-intervention. Sample: During the 2007, 1,558 students seventh-grade in 29 schools of North of Spain were randomly assigned to intervention (IG) and control groups (CG).Workwas effected with ZARIMAprogramme. The intervention is financed by F.I.S. PI 05/2533. Results: At baseline in 2007 we studied 1,558 students seventh-grade in 73 classrooms. In IG we studied 84/921, the 9.12 % (CI 95 % 7.386-11.111), were classified at risk of ED and in CG 92/892, the 10.31 % (CI 95 % 8.444-12.441). The difference is estimated as 0.012, was not significant. In 2008, at 12-month follow-up, we studied 1,633 students eighth-grade (response rate: 90.1 % 2007). In IG 37/825, the 4.48 % (CI 95 % 3.224-6.065), were classified at risk of ED and in 51/807, the 6.32 % (CI 95 % 4.791-8.161). The difference is estimated as 0.018, was significant (IC 90 % 0.00112 a 0.03568 CONFINT 3.0 PEPI, Abramson and Gahlinger, 1993-1999). Conclusion: At 12-month follow-up ED risk decrease in IG (specially in girls) more than in CG. The difference between two population proportions (IG and CG students classified at risk of ED, high scorers EAT-26) was significant.
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 24(1) : S85
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Eating Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Swain, J., Hancock, K., Dixon, A., Bowman, J.
An emerging body of research demonstrates the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in the treatment of adult psychopathology, with several reviews and meta-analyses attesting to its effectiveness. While there are comparatively fewer empirical studies of child populations, the past few years has seen burgeoning research interest in the utility of ACT for problems in childhood. A systematic review of the published and unpublished literature was conducted to examine the evidence for ACT in the treatment of children and to provide support for clinical decision making in this area. Searches of PsycInfo, PsycArticles, PsycExtra, Proquest and the Association for Contextual Behavioral Science databases were undertaken, as well as reference lists and citation searches conducted, up to December 2014. Broad inclusion criteria were employed to maximise review breadth. Methodological quality was assessed and a narrative synthesis approach adopted. Twenty-one studies covering a spectrum of presenting problems met inclusion criteria, with a total of 707 participants. Studies were predominantly within-group designs, with a lesser proportion of case studies/series, between-group and randomised controlled trials. The preponderance of evidence suggests ACT results in improvements in clinician, parent and self-reported measures of symptoms, quality of life outcomes and/or psychological flexibility, with many studies demonstrating further gains at follow-up assessment. However, several methodological weaknesses limit conclusions, including small samples, non-randomised designs, and few alternative treatment or control comparisons. While larger scale, methodologically rigorous trials from a broader research teams are needed to consolidate these preliminary findings, emerging evidence suggests ACT is effective in the treatment of children across a multitude of presenting problems. ACT may be a viable alternative treatment option for clinicians working with young people.
Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 4(2) : 73-85
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders, Eating Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Acceptance & commitment therapy (ACT)
Wilksch, S M.
Aim: This pilot study tested teacher-delivered Media Smart, a school-based eating disorder prevention program that has achieved significant benefits when delivered by health professionals. Method: Two Grade 7 classes (N = 51; M age = 12.43 years) participated, with one randomly allocated to Media Smart (n = 27; 67% girls) and the other to a control condition of usual lessons (n = 24; 37% girls). Program feasibility was assessed by teacher self-report, whereas student self-report of shape and weight concern (primary outcome variable) and seven additional risk factors were measured at baseline, post-program and 6-month follow up. Results: Teacher ratings of program feasibility revealed that 25 of the 29 (86.2%) program activities were taught with 96% of activities rated as either highly (19 activities) or moderately (5 activities) valuable for students. Mixed model analyses were conducted using a 2 (group: Media Smart, control) x 2 (time: post-program, 6-month follow up) x 2 (gender: girls, boys) design, with baseline scores as a covariate. A not-significant trend for group favouring Media Smart was observed for shape and weight concern (Cohen's d effect size [d] = 0.32), whereas significant effects were found for feelings of ineffectiveness (d = 0.52) and weight-related peer teasing (d = 0.68). Conclusions: The program was feasible for teacher delivery and showed some promising results, supporting a more substantial randomized-controlled effectiveness trial. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 9(1) : 21-28
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Eating Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Wilksch, S., Paxton, S., Byrne, S., Austin, S., McLean, S., Thompson, K., Dorairaj, K., Wade, T.
Background: A randomized controlled trial of three school-based programs and a no-intervention control group was conducted to evaluate their efficacy in reducing eating disorder and obesity risk factors. Method: A total of 1316 grade 7 and 8 girls and boys (mean age = 13.21 years) across three Australian states were randomly allocated to: Media Smart; Life Smart; the Helping, Encouraging, Listening and Protecting Peers (HELPP) initiative; or control (usual school class). Risk factors were measured at baseline, post-program (5 weeks later), and at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Results: Media Smart girls had half the rate of onset of clinically significant concerns about shape and weight than control girls at the 12-month follow-up. Media Smart and HELPP girls reported significantly lower weight and shape concern than Life Smart girls at the 12-month follow-up. Media Smart and control girls scored significantly lower than HELPP girls on eating concerns and perceived pressure at the 6-month follow-up. Media Smart and HELPP boys experienced significant benefit on media internalization compared with control boys and these were sustained at the 12-month follow-up in Media Smart boys. A group x time effect found that Media Smart participants reported more physical activity than control and HELPP participants at the 6-month follow-up, while a main effect for group found Media Smart participants reported less screen time than controls. Conclusions: Media Smart was the only program to show benefit on both disordered eating and obesity risk factors. Whilst further investigations are indicated, this study suggests that this program is a promising approach to reducing risk factors for both problems. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Psychological Medicine, 45(9) : 1811-1823
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Eating Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Stice, E.., Yokum, S., Waters, A.
Research supports the effectiveness of a dissonance-based eating disorder prevention program wherein high-risk young women with body dissatisfaction critique the thin ideal, which reduces pursuit of this ideal, and the theory that dissonance induction contributes to these effects. Based on evidence that dissonance produces attitudinal change by altering neural representation of valuation, we tested whether completing the Body Project would reduce response of brain regions implicated in reward valuation to thin models. Young women with body dissatisfaction were randomized to this intervention or an educational control condition, completing assessments and fMRI scans while viewing images of thin versus averageweight female models at pre and post. Whole brain analyses indicated that, compared to controls, Body Project participants showed greater reductions in caudate response to images of thin versus average-weight models, though participants in the two conditions showed pretest differences in responsivity of other brain regions that might have contributed to this effect. Greater pre-post reductions in caudate and putamen response to thin models correlated with greater reductions in body dissatisfaction. The finding that the Body Project reduces caudate response to thin models provides novel preliminary evidence that this intervention reduces valuation of media images thought to contribute to body dissatisfaction and eating disorders, providing support for the intervention theory by documenting that this intervention alters an objective biological outcome.
PLoS ONE, 10(12) :
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Eating Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive dissonance therapy
Stice, E., Rohde, P., Butryn, M., Menke, K. S, Marti, C.
The authors conducted a pilot trial of a new dissonance-based group eating disorder treatment designed to be a cost-effective front-line transdiagnostic treatment that could be more widely disseminated than extant individual or family treatments that are more expensive and difficult to deliver. Young women with a DSM-5 eating disorder (N = 72) were randomized to an 8-week dissonance-based Counter Attitudinal Therapy group treatment or a usual care control condition, completing diagnostic interviews and questionnaires at pre, post, and 2-month follow-up. Intent-to-treat analyses revealed that intervention participants showed greater reductions in outcomes than usual care controls in a multivariate multilevel model (chi2[6] = 34.1, p < .001), producing large effects for thin-ideal internalization (d = .79), body dissatisfaction (d = 1.14), and blinded interview-assessed eating disorder symptoms (d = .95), and medium effects for dissonance regarding perpetuating the thin ideal (d = .65) and negative affect (d = .55). Midway through this pilot we refined engagement procedures, which was associated with increased effect sizes (e.g., the d for eating disorder symptoms increased from .51 to 2.30). This new group treatment produced large reductions in eating disorder symptoms, which is encouraging because it requires about 1/20th the therapist time necessary for extant individual and family treatments, and has the potential to provide a cost-effective and efficacious approach to reaching the majority of individuals with eating disorders who do not presently received treatment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Behaviour Research & Therapy, 65 : 67-75
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Eating Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive dissonance therapy
Stice, E., Rohde, P., Butryn, M. L., Shaw, H., Marti, C.
Objective: An efficacy trial found that a dissonance-based prevention program reduced risk factors, eating disorder symptoms, and future eating disorder onset, but smaller effects emerged when high school clinicians recruited students and delivered the program under real-world conditions in an effectiveness trial. The current report describes results at 2- and 3-year follow-up from an effectiveness trial that tested whether a new enhanced dissonance version of this program produced larger effects when college clinicians recruit students and deliver the intervention using improved train and supervision procedures. Method: Young women from eight universities (N = 408, M age = 21.6, SD = 5.64) were randomized to the prevention program or an educational brochure control condition. Results: Dissonance participants showed greater decreases in risk factors, eating disorder symptoms, and psychosocial impairment by 3-year follow-up than controls, but not healthcare utilization, BMI, or eating disorder onset. Conclusions: This novel multisite effectiveness trial found that the enhanced dissonance intervention and improved training and supervision procedures produced an average effect size at 3-year follow-up that was 290% and 160% larger than effects observed in the high school effectiveness trial and efficacy trial respectively. Yet, the lack of eating disorder onset effects may imply that factors beyond pursuit of the thin ideal now contribute to eating disorder onset. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Behaviour Research & Therapy, 71 : 20-26
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Eating Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Psychoeducation, Cognitive dissonance therapy
Tanofsky-Kraff, M., Shomaker, L. B., Wilfley, D. E., Young, J. F., Sbrocco, T., Stephens, M., Ranzenhofer, L. M., Elliott, C., Brady, S., Radin, R. M., Vannucci, A., Bryant, E. J., Osborn, R., Berger, S. S., Olsen, C., Kozlosky, M., Reynolds, J. C., Yanovski, J. C.
Conclusions: The intervention with adolescent girls with loss-ofcontrol eating is associated with lower age-adjusted BMI and percentage of adiposity as well as improved mood symptoms over 1 y. Interpersonal psychotherapy further reduced objective binge eating. Additional research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which physical and psychological improvements were observed.
Results: Participation in both conditions was associated with decreases in expected BMI gain, age-adjusted BMI metrics, the percentage of fat by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and the frequency of lossof- control eating over 12 mo of follow-up (Ps < 0.001) with no group difference. In follow-up analyses, interpersonal psychotherapy was more efficacious than health education at reducing objective binge eating at the 12-mo follow-up (P < 0.05).
Background: The high prevalence and incidence of obesity and eating disorders in US adolescent girls are serious health problems. Because of the shared risk factors for obesity and eating disorders, a targeted prevention of both conditions is a priority.
Objective: We determined whether an adapted interpersonal psychotherapy prevention program is more efficacious for reducing excess weight gain and worsening disordered eating than health education in adolescent girls at high risk of obesity and eating disorders.
Design: A parallel-group, randomized controlled trial was conducted between September 2008 and January 2013 in a university-based laboratory and a federal research hospital. The study included 113 adolescent (12-17-y-old) girls deemed at high risk of adult obesity and eating disorders because of a body mass index (BMI) between the 75th and 97th percentiles and reports of episodes of a loss of control over their eating. Girls were randomly assigned to participate in an adapted interpersonal psychotherapy or a health-education group program for 12 weekly 90-min group sessions. Follow-up assessments occurred immediately after group programs and at 6 and 12 mo.
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 100(4) : 1010-1018
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Eating Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Interpersonal therapy (IPT)
, Psychoeducation
van-den-Heuvel, L. L., Jordaan, G. P.
In this review we synthesised current literature on the psychopharmacological management of eating disorders (EDs) in children and adolescents (C&As). We focus specifically on anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED). The treatment of EDs is determined by physical and psycho-social factors and needs. Pharmacological management should therefore be viewed and incorporated as one component of a multi-disciplinary comprehensive treatment plan for specific requirements of a patient depending on the stage of the disorder. As there is a dearth of studies evaluating the use of psychopharmacology for EDs in C&As we first review the findings from studies performed in adults and then discuss specific studies performed in C&As. We include information from reviews and treatment guidelines to assist the clinician with an approach to the use of psychopharmacological agents in the treatment of EDs in C&As.;
Journal of Child & Adolescent Mental Health, 26(2) : 125-137
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Eating Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Biological Interventions (any)