Disorders - Substance Use Disorders
Tanner-Smith, E. E., Steinka-Fry, K. T., Hennessy, E. A., Lipsey, M. W., Winters, K.C.
Brief interventions aimed at reducing alcohol use among youth may interrupt a possible developmental progression to more serious substance use if they can also affect the use of other illicit drugs. This meta-analysis examined the findings of recent research on the effects of brief alcohol interventions for adolescents and young adults on both alcohol and illicit drug use. Eligible studies were those using randomized or controlled quasi-experimental designs to examine the effects of brief alcohol interventions on illicit drug use outcomes among youth. A comprehensive literature search identified 30 eligible study samples that, on average, included participants age 17, with 57 % male participants and 56 % White youth. Three-level random-effects meta-analyses were used to estimate mean effect sizes and explore variability in effects. Overall, brief interventions targeting both alcohol and other drugs were effective in reducing both of these substances. However, the brief interventions that targeted only alcohol had no significant secondary effects on untargeted illicit drug use. The evidence from current research, therefore, shows modest beneficial effects on outcomes that are targeted by brief interventions for youth, but does not show that those effects generalize to untargeted illicit drug use outcomes.;
Journal of Youth & Adolescence, 44(5) : 1011-1023
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
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Stage: Universal prevention
, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
Santisteban, D. A., Mena, M. P., Muir, J., McCabe, B. E., Abalo, C., Cummings, A. M.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this randomized trial was to investigate the efficacy of 2 behavioral treatments focusing on different change mechanisms in ameliorating a borderline personality disorder constellation of behaviors and substance use in adolescents referred by juvenile diversion programs.
METHODS: Forty adolescents 14-17 years of age and meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.) criteria for borderline personality disorder and substance use disorders were randomized to integrative borderline personality disorder-oriented adolescent family therapy (I-BAFT) or individual drug counseling. This design allowed a comparison of 2 manualized interventions, 1 family based and 1 individually oriented. Profiles of clinical change were used to detect impact and estimate treatment effect sizes.
RESULTS: Primary analyses showed that both interventions had a clinically significant impact on borderline personality disorder behaviors 12 months after baseline but with no differential treatment effects. The impact on substance use was more complex. Subgroup analyses revealed that adolescents with depression had significantly more severe profiles of borderline personality disorder and substance use. These youths were the only group to show reductions in substance use, but they only did so if they received the I-BAFT intervention. Study data also documented the high dosage of intensive residential treatment needed by this population.
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Results highlight the intensive treatment needs of juvenile justice-involved youths with co-occurring substance use and borderline personality disorder including depression, the hybrid outpatient and residential treatment often required by this population, and the promise of a family-oriented approach, particularly for youths with severe symptoms and co-occurring depression. (PsycINFO Database Record
Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 38(1) : 55-64
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Dialectical behavioural therapy (DBT)
, Family therapy, Other Psychological Interventions
Schwinn, T. M., Thom, B., Schinke, S. P., Hopkins, J.
Purpose Rates of drug use among sexual-minority youths are disproportionately high. Yet, expressly designed prevention programs targeting this population are absent. This study developed and tested a web-based drug abuse prevention program for sexual-minority youths. Methods A sample (N = 236) of sexual-minority youths was recruited via Facebook. Online, all youths completed pretests; youths randomly assigned to the intervention received a 3-session prevention program; and all youths completed posttest and 3-month follow-up measurements. Results At 3-month follow-up and compared to youths in the control arm, intervention-arm youths reported less stress, reduced peer drug use, lower rates of past 30-day other drug use, and higher coping, problem solving, and drug-use refusal skills. Conclusions Outcome data suggest the potential of tailored intervention content to address sexual-minority youths' drug use rates and related risk factors. Moreover, study procedures lend support to the feasibility of using the Internet to recruit sexual-minority youths, collect data, and deliver intervention.
Journal of Adolescent Health, 56(5) : 571-573
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
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Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Skills training, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Skorka-Brown, J., Andrade, J., Whalley, B., May, J.
Most research on cognitive processes in craving has been carried out in the laboratory and focuses on food craving. This study extends laboratory findings to real world settings and cravings for drugs or activities as well as food. Previous laboratory research has found that playing Tetris reduces craving strength. The present study used an ecological momentary assessment protocol in which 31 undergraduate participants carried iPods for a week and were prompted 7 times each day, by SMS message, to use their iPod to report craving. Participants reported craving target and strength (0-100), whether they indulged their previous craving (yes/no), and whether they were under the influence of alcohol (yes/no). Those randomly assigned to the intervention condition (n=15) then played Tetris for 3min and reported their craving again. Those in the monitoring-only control condition (n=16) provided baseline craving data to test if Tetris reduced the incidence and strength of spontaneous cravings across the week. Playing Tetris decreased craving strength for drugs (alcohol, nicotine, caffeine), food and drink, and activities (sex, exercise, gaming), with a mean reduction of 13.9 percentage points, effect size f(2)=0.11. This effect was consistent across the week. This is the first demonstration that visual cognitive interference can be used in the field to reduce cravings for substances and activities other than eating.; Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Addictive Behaviors, 51 : 165-170
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Other complementary & alternative interventions
, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Slesnick, N., Guo, X., Brakenhoff, B., Bantchevska, D.
While research on homeless adolescents and young adults evidencing substance use disorder is increasing, there is a dearth of information regarding effective interventions, and more research is needed to guide those who serve this population. The current study builds upon prior research showing promising findings of the community reinforcement approach (CRA) (Slesnick, Prestopnik, Meyers, & Glassman, 2007). Homeless adolescents and young adults between the ages of 14 to 20. years were randomized to one of three theoretically distinct interventions: (1) CRA (. n=. 93), (2) motivational enhancement therapy (MET, n=. 86), or (3) case management (CM, n=. 91). The relative effectiveness of these interventions was evaluated at 3, 6, and 12. months post-baseline. Findings indicated that substance use and associated problems were significantly reduced in all three interventions across time. Several moderating effects were found, especially for sex and history of childhood abuse. Findings show little evidence of superiority or inferiority of the three interventions and suggest that drop-in centers have choices for addressing the range of problems that these adolescents and young adults face.
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 54 : 1-13
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
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Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy, Skills training, Other Psychological Interventions, Other service delivery and improvement interventions
Smith, D. C., Ureche, D. J., Davis, J. P., Walters, S. T.
Background: Many adolescents in need of substance use disorder treatments never engage in treatment. Further, the most promising interventions that could be adapted to target treatment engagement often use normative feedback (NF) despite concerns about its appropriateness for adolescents. This preliminary study will inform a larger trial designed to isolate whether NF is an inert, helpful, or harmful active ingredient within pretreatment motivational interviewing (MI) interventions designed to increase treatment engagement. Methods: Adolescents (N = 48) presenting for treatment intake assessments were randomized to receive MI (n = 22) or MI+NF (n = 26) immediately following their assessments. Three-month outcomes included the percentage of youth engaged in treatment, the percentage of youth reporting past-month binge drinking, and the percentage of days of abstinence. Results: Treatments were delivered with high fidelity, and a high proportion of eligible participants were recruited and retained in this study. Participants significantly increased their percentage of days of abstinence by approximately 10% at follow-up (d = .32, P =.03), with no significant differences between groups. Fifty-five percent of youth in MI and 41.7% of youth in MI+NF engaged in treatment (odds ratio [OR] = .60, nonsignificant; 95% confidence interval, CI [0.136-2.68]). Conclusions: Larger trials should test whether NF is an active ingredient in adolescent MI interventions, and should also determine the mechanisms through which MI+NF may produce effects. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Substance Abuse, 36(3) : 350-358
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy, Personalised feedback, normative feedback
, Other service delivery and improvement interventions
Spirito, A., Hernandez, L., Cancilliere, M.K., Graves, H., Barnett, N.
This study examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a brief parent-based prevention intervention to delay or prevent the initiation of alcohol and drug use in young adolescents with emotional/behavioral disorders. Findings from a small randomized clinical trial comparing the individualized family substance use preventive intervention based on the Family Check-Up model (FCU condition) to a Psychoeducation (PE) session revealed that parents in both conditions reported an increase in alcohol-related communication at three and six months as well as an increase in general family communication. Parents in the FCU condition reported an increase on overall substance-related communication, and reported experiencing less problematic family communication compared to those in PE. Parents in the PE condition reported greater increases in parental monitoring than parents in the FCU condition. Study findings suggest a larger trial is indicated to test individual and family factors that lead to differential efficacy of these preventive interventions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, 24(5) : 308-322
- Year: 2015
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy, Psychoeducation, Other Psychological Interventions
Skarstrand, E., Sundell, K., Andreasson, S.
Background: Adolescents' alcohol consumption is a public health concern in Sweden as well as in many other countries. Underage drinking is associated with increased risks of alcohol-related injuries, risky sexual behaviours and dependence later in life. Different strategies have been used in the effort to prevent this behaviour, and to postpone the onset of alcohol. The Strengthening Families Programme 10-14 (SFP 10-14) from the USA has been highlighted as one of the more effective prevention programmes. The aim of the present article was to evaluate the effectiveness of a culturally adapted Swedish version of the SFP 10-14. Methods: This was a cluster randomized controlled trial including 587 sixth-grade students (age 12) and their parents in 19 elementary schools in Stockholm. Schools were randomly assigned to either control (9 schools, 216 students) or to the family skills training intervention (10 schools, 371 students). The SFP Swedish version consisted of two parts with seven and five sessions, respectively, held separately for youths and parents except two joint family sessions. Measures of students' self-reported episodes of drunkenness, smoking, illicit drug use and other norm-breaking behaviours were collected at baseline (March 2003) and at three subsequent yearly surveys. Data were analysed using multilevel models with an intention-to-treat approach. Results: No preventive effects were found for smoking, alcohol and illicit drug use and other norm-breaking behaviours, nor did moderators affect the outcome. Conclusion: The Swedish version of the SFP 10-14 was not effective in preventing youths' substance use in a Swedish context. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
European Journal of Public Health, 24(4) : 578-584
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Skills training, Other Psychological Interventions
Sandler, I., Wolchik, S. A., Cruden, G., Mahrer, N. E., Ahn, S., Brincks, A., Brown, C. H.
This review presents findings from an overview of meta-analyses of the effects of prevention and promotion programs to prevent mental health, substance use, and conduct problems. The review of 48 meta-analyses found small but significant changes that reduce depression, anxiety, antisocial behavior, and substance use. Furthermore, the results were sustained over time. Meta-analyses often found that the effects were heterogeneous. A conceptual model is proposed to guide the study of moderators of program effects in future meta-analyses, and methodological issues in synthesizing findings across preventive interventions are discussed.;
Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 10 : 243-273
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders, Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
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Stage: Universal prevention
, At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
Spoth, R., Trudeau, L., Redmond, C., Shin, C.
Objective: For many substances, more frequent and problematic use occurs in young adulthood; these types of use are predicted by the timing of initiation during adolescence. We replicated and extended an earlier study examining whether delayed substance initiation during adolescence, resulting from universal preventive interventions implemented in middle school, reduces problematic use in young adulthood. Method: Participants were middle school students from 36 Iowa schools randomly assigned to the Strengthening Families Program: For Parents and Youth 10-14 (Molgaard, Spoth, & Redmond, 2000) plus Life Skills Training (LST; Botvin, 1995, 2000), LST-only, or a control condition. Self-report questionnaires were collected at 11 time points, including 4 during young adulthood. The intercept (average level) and rate of change (slope) in young adult frequency measures (drunkenness, alcoholrelated problems, cigarettes, and illicit drugs) across ages 19-22 were modeled as outcomes influenced by growth factors describing substance initiation during adolescence. Analyses entailed testing a 2-step hierarchical latent growth curve model; models included the effects of baseline risk, intervention condition assignment, and their interaction. Results: Analyses showed significant indirect intervention effects on the average levels of all young adult outcomes, through effects on adolescent substance initiation growth factors, along with Intervention × Risk interaction effects favoring the higher risk subsample. Additional direct effects on young adult use were observed in some cases. Relative reduction rates were larger for the higher risk subsample at age 22, ranging from 5.8% to 36.4% on outcomes showing significant intervention effects. Conclusions: Universal preventive interventions implemented during early adolescence have the potential to decrease the rates of substance use and associated problems into young adulthood.
Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 82(6) : 949-963
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Skills training, Other Psychological Interventions
Schaeffer, C. M., Henggeler, S. W., Ford, J. D., Mann, M., Chang, R., Chapman, J. E.
Juvenile offenders with substance use problems are at high risk for deleterious long-term outcomes. This study evaluated the capacity of a promising vocational and employment training program in the building sector (i.e., Community Restitution Apprenticeship-Focused Training, CRAFT) to mitigate such outcomes through enhanced employment and education. Participants were 97 high-risk juvenile offenders (mean age = 15.8. years) randomized to CRAFT versus education as usual (EAU) intervention conditions. Multi-method procedures measured employment, education, substance use, mental health, and criminal outcomes through a 30-month post-baseline follow-up. CRAFT was significantly more effective than EAU at increasing rates of youth employment and GED attendance. Intervention effects were not observed, however, for months employed, hours worked, or hourly wage. Measures of youth substance use, mental health symptoms, and criminal activity showed no favorable or iatrogenic effects. The potential of CRAFT was modestly supported, and suggestions were made for future research. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 46(2) : 134-143
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
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Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Individual placement and support (IPS), vocational interventions
Rohde, P., Waldron, H. B., Turner, C. W., Brody, J., Jorgensen, J.
Objective: We evaluated 3 methods of integrating interventions for depression (Adolescent Coping With Depression Course; CWD) and substance use disorders (Functional Family Therapy; FFT), examining (a) treatment sequence effects on substance use and depression outcomes and (b) whether the presence of major depressive disorder (MDD) moderated effects. Method: Participants were 170 adolescents (ages 13-18; 22% female; 61% non-Hispanic White) with comorbid depressive disorder (54% MDD, 18% dysthymia) and substance use disorders who were randomized to (a) FFT followed by CWD (FFT/CWD), (b) CWD followed by FFT (CWD/FFT), or (c) coordinated FFT and CWD (CT). Acute treatment (24 treatment sessions provided over 20 weeks) and 6- and 12-month follow-up effects are presented for substance use (percentage of days of substance use; Timeline Followback) and depression (Childrenâs Depression Rating Scale-Revised). Results: FFT/CWD achieved better substance use outcomes than CT at posttreatment, and 6- and 12-month follow-ups; substance use effects for CWD/FFT were intermediate. For participants with baseline MDD, the CWD/FFT sequence resulted in lower substance use than either FFT/CWD or CT. Depressive symptoms decreased significantly in all 3 treatment sequences with no evidence of differential effectiveness during or following treatment. Attendance was lower for the second of both sequenced interventions. A large proportion of the sample received treatment outside the study, which predicted better outcomes in the follow-up. Conclusions: Depression reductions occurred early in all 3 treatment sequences. Of the examined treatment sequences, FFT/CWD appeared most efficacious for substance use reductions but addressing depression early in treatment may improve substance use outcomes in the presence of MDD. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved). © 2014 American Psychological Association.
Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 82(2) : 342-348
- Year: 2014
- Problem: Depressive Disorders, Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
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Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
, Family therapy, Other service delivery and improvement interventions