Disorders - Substance Use Disorders
Comello, Maria Leonora G., Slater, Michael D.
Behavioral willingness is conceptualized as a pathway to behavior that is non-deliberative, yet traditional measures require thoughtful deliberation to complete. This study explored non-deliberative measures of alcohol-related willingness to complement recent work on marijuana-related willingness. The study also examined whether adverts from a field-tested drug and alcohol prevention campaign may have operated by influencing alcohol-related willingness. Participants viewed campaign adverts or consumer adverts (control). Outcomes were reaction times to make speeded judgments about whether one would engage in risky alcohol-related behaviors. Results showed that campaign advertisements lowered willingness to play drinking games and (for males) to drive while intoxicated.;
Journal of Health Psychology, 16(8) : 1268-1276
- Year: 2011
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Esposito-Smythers, C., Spirito, A., Kahler, C. W., Hunt, J., Monti, P.
Objective: This study tested a cognitive-behavioral treatment protocol for adolescents with a co-occurring alcohol or other drug use disorder (AOD) and suicidality in a randomized clinical trial. Method: Forty adolescents (M age = 15 years; 68 female, 89 White) and their families recruited from an inpatient psychiatric hospital were randomly assigned to an integrated outpatient cognitive-behavioral intervention for co-occurring AOD and suicidality (I-CBT) or enhanced treatment as usual (E-TAU). Primary measures include the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children, Suicide Ideation Questionnaire, Columbia Impairment Scale, Timeline Followback, Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index, and Rutgers Marijuana Problem Index. Assessments were completed at pretreatment as well as 3, 6, 12, and 18 months postenrollment. Results: In intent-to-treat analyses, I-CBT was associated with significantly fewer heavy drinking days and days of marijuana use relative to E-TAU but not with fewer drinking days. Those randomized to I-CBT in comparison to E-TAU also reported significantly less global impairment as well as fewer suicide attempts, inpatient psychiatric hospitalizations, emergency department visits, and arrests. Adolescents across groups showed equivalent reductions in suicidal ideation. Conclusions: I-CBT for adolescents with co-occurring AOD and suicidality is associated with significant improvement in both substance use and suicidal behavior, as well as markedly decreased use of additional health services including inpatient psychiatric hospitalizations and emergency department visits. Further testing of integrated protocols for adolescent AOD and suicidality with larger and more diverse samples is warranted. (copyright) 2011 American Psychological Association.
Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 79(6) : 728-739
- Year: 2011
- Problem: Suicide or self-harm behaviours (excluding non-suicidal self-harm)
, Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
Balaji, M., Andrews, T., Andrew, G., Patel, V.
Purpose To evaluate the acceptability, feasibility, and effectiveness of a population-based intervention to promote health of youth (age: 1624 years) in Goa. Methods Two pairs of urban and rural communities were selected; one of each was randomly assigned to receive a multi-component intervention and the other wait-listed. The intervention comprised educational institution-based peer education and teacher training (in the urban community), community peer education, and health information materials. Effectiveness was assessed through beforeafter population surveys at baseline and at 18 months. Outcomes were measured using a structured interview schedule with all eligible youth. Logistic regression compared each pair, adjusted for baseline differences, on prevalence of outcomes in the domains of reproductive and sexual health (RSH), violence, mental health, substance use, and help seeking for health concerns. Results In both intervention communities, prevalence of violence perpetrated and probable depression was significantly lower and knowledge and attitudes about RSH significantly higher (p < .05). The rural sample also reported fewer menstrual complaints and higher levels of help-seeking for RSH complaints by women, and knowledge and attitudes about emotional health and substance use; and, the urban sample reported significantly lower levels of substance use, suicidal behavior, sexual abuse, and RSH complaints. Although information materials were acceptable and feasible in both communities, community peer education was feasible only in the rural community. The institution-based interventions were generally acceptable and feasible. Conclusions Multicomponent interventions comprising information materials, educational-institution interventions and, in rural contexts, community peer interventions are acceptable and feasible and likely to be effective for youth health promotion. (copyright) 2011 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine.
Journal of Adolescent Health, 48(5) : 453-460
- Year: 2011
- Problem: Anxiety Disorders (any), Depressive Disorders, Suicide or self-harm behaviours (excluding non-suicidal self-harm)
, Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Psychoeducation, Other Psychological Interventions
Caria, M. P., Faggiano, F., Bellocco, R., Galanti, M. R.
Purpose: School-based substance abuse prevention programs are widespread but are rarely evaluated in Europe. We aimed to evaluate the effect of a new school-based prevention program against substance use on the frequency of alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problem behaviors among European students. Methods: During the school year 20042005, a total of 7,079 students aged 1214 years from 143 schools in seven European countries participated in this cluster randomized controlled trial. Schools were randomly assigned to either control (65 schools, 3,532 students) or to a 12-session standardized program based on the comprehensive social influence model (78 schools, 3,547 students). Alcohol use and frequency of alcohol-related problem behaviors were investigated through a self-completed anonymous questionnaire at baseline and 18 months thereafter. The association between intervention and changes in alcohol-related outcomes was expressed as odds ratio (OR), estimated by multilevel regression model. Results: The preventive program was associated with a decreased risk of reporting alcohol-related problems (OR = .78, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = .63.98), although this reduction was not statistically significant in the subgroup of 743 current drinkers at baseline. The risk for alcohol consumption was not modified by exposure to the program (OR = .93, 95% CI = .791.09). In the intervention group, nondrinkers and occasional drinkers at baseline progressed toward frequent drinking less often than in the control group. Conclusions: School curricula based on the comprehensive social-influence model can delay progression to frequent drinking and reduce occurrence of alcohol-related behavioral problems in European students. These results, albeit moderate, have potentially useful implications at the population level. (copyright) 2011 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved.
Journal of Adolescent Health, 48(2) : 182-188
- Year: 2011
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Psychoeducation, Skills training
Burleson, J. A., Kaminer, Y., Burke, R.
Objective: A contingency management (CM) abstinence reinforcement system has been associated with positive short-term outcomes for adult substance abusers. However, adolescent studies have not been conclusive, suggesting a need to further explore the efficacy of CM-based approaches (Stanger & Budney, 2010). Method: A total of 59 youth, 13-18 years of age, diagnosed with DSM-IV Alcohol and Other Substance Use Disorder (AOSUD) were randomly assigned by cohorts into 10-weekly groups of either (i) integrated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) plus a Voucher-Based Reinforcement Therapy (VBRT) which gave youth contingent rewards for alcohol and other substance use abstinence, or (ii) CBT plus non-VBRT (non-contingent) rewards. Substance use was monitored by twice-weekly urinalysis and self-report, while both abstinence and number of days use per month for both alcohol and other substances were assessed at Intake and End of Treatment. Results: Alcohol use dropped significantly from 69% to 2% (p <.001). For both alcohol abstinence as well as frequency of use, however, there were no significant changes as a function of contingency assignment. Similarly, for abstinence from other drugs, there was also a significant decrease overall (p <.001), but not as a function of contingency. Post-hoc power analyses showed that the sample size was more than sufficient to detect observed nonsignificant differences. Conclusion: The present study supported the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy, but not the additional of VBRT. Future studies of CM should also focus on the contribution of developmental factors that might differentiate youth response to CM relative to those of adults.
Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, 34(6) : 170A
- Year: 2010
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Cognitive & behavioural therapies (CBT)
, Contingency management
Copeland, Amy L., Williamson, Donald A., Kendzor, Darla E., Businelle, Michael S., Rash, Carla J., Kulesza, Magdalena, Patterson, Scott M.
The Wise Mind pilot study compared the efficacy of an environmental Alcohol/Tobacco/Drug (ATD) prevention program with an obesity prevention program of Healthy Eating and Exercise (HEE) as an active control group for modifying expectancies related to alcohol and tobacco use in children. Four Catholic schools (N = 670 students) were randomly assigned to the treatment conditions (2 schools in each condition). Children were followed over two academic years. At an 18-month assessment, the ATD program resulted in healthier alcohol and tobacco expectancies as compared to the HEE program. Children in the ATD program did not differ from those in the HEE program in alcohol, tobacco, or drug use prevalence. However, prevalence rates of use were very low across all schools. Findings can benefit future prevention efforts with young children and suggest that strategies for preventing continued smoking in this age group are needed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract)
Cognitive Therapy & Research, 34(6) : 522-532
- Year: 2010
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Elek, Elvira, Wagstaff, David A., Hecht, Michael L.
This study assessed the outcomes of adapting the culturally-grounded, middle school, substance-use prevention intervention, keepin ' it REAL (kiR), to target elementary school students and to address acculturation. At the beginning of 5th grade, 29 schools were randomly assigned to conditions obtained by crossing grade of implementation (5th, 7th, 5th + 7th, and control/comparison) by curriculum version [kiR-Plus vs. kiR-Acculturation Enhanced (AE)]. Students (n = 1984) completed 6 assessments through the end of 8th grade. The kiR curricula generally appear no more effective than the comparison schools' programming. Students receiving either version of the kiR intervention in only the 5th grade report greater increases in substance use than did control students. Receiving the kiR-AE version twice (both 5th and 7th grades) has benefits over receiving it once.
Journal of Drug Education, 40(1) : 61-79
- Year: 2010
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Psychoeducation, Skills training
Faggiano, F., Vigna-Taglianti, F., Burkhart, G., Bohrn, K., Cuomo, L., Gregori, D., Panella, M., et-al
Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of a school-based substance abuse prevention program developed in the EU-Dap study (EUropean Drug Addiction Prevention trial). Materials and methods: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. Seven European countries participated in the study; 170 schools (7079 pupils 12-14 years of age) were randomly assigned to one of three experimental conditions or to a control condition during the school year 2004/2005. The program consisted of a 12-h curriculum based on a comprehensive social influence approach. A pre-test survey assessing past and current substance use was conducted before the implementation of the program, while a post-test survey was carried out about 18 months after the pre-test. The association between program condition and change in substance use at post-test was expressed as adjusted prevalence odds ratio (POR), estimated by multilevel regression models. Results: Persisting beneficial program effects were found for episodes of drunkenness (any, POR = 0.80; 0.67-0.97; frequent, POR = 0.62; 0.47-0.81) and for frequent cannabis use in the past 30 days (POR = 0.74; 0.53-1.00), whereas daily cigarette smoking was not affected by the program as it was at the short-term follow-up. Baseline non-smokers that participated in the program progressed in tobacco consumption to a lower extent than those in the control condition, but no difference was detected in the proportion of quitters or reducers among baseline daily smokers. Conclusion: The experimental evaluation of an innovative school curriculum based on a comprehensive social influence approach, indicated persistent positive effects over 18 months for alcohol abuse and for cannabis use, but not for cigarette smoking. (copyright) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Drug & Alcohol Dependence, 108(1-2) : 56-64
- Year: 2010
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Psychoeducation, Skills training
Conrod, P. J., Castellanos-Ryan, N., Strang, J.
Context: Objective: Design: Setting: Participants: Intervention: Main Outcome Measures: Results: Conclusion: Trial Registration: Selective interventions targeting personality risk are showing promise in the prevention of problematic drinking behavior, but their effect on illicit drug use has yet to be evaluated.To investigate the efficacy of targeted coping skills interventions on illicit drug use in adolescents with personality risk factors for substance misuse.Randomized controlled trial.Secondary schools in London, United Kingdom.A total of 5302 students were screened to identify 2028 students aged 13 to 16 years with elevated scores on self-report measures of hopelessness, anxiety sensitivity, impulsivity, and sensation seeking. Seven hundred thirty-two students provided parental consent to participate in this trial.Participants were randomly assigned to a control no-intervention condition or a 2-session group coping skills intervention targeting 1 of 4 personality profiles.The trial was designed and powered to primarily evaluate the effect of the intervention on the onset, prevalence, and frequency of illicit drug use over a 2-year period.Intent-to-treat repeated-measures analyses on continuous measures of drug use revealed time x intervention effects on the number of drugs used (P < .01) and drug use frequency (P < .05), whereby the control group showed significant growth in the number of drugs used as well as more frequent drug use over the 2-year period relative to the intervention group. Survival analysis using logistic regression revealed that the intervention was associated with reduced odds of taking up the use of marijuana (beta = -0.3; robust SE = 0.2; P = .09; odds ratio = 0.7; 95% confidence interval, 0.5-1.0), cocaine (beta = -1.4; robust SE = 0.4; P < .001; odds ratio = 0.2; 95% confidence interval, 0.1-0.5), and other drugs (beta = -0.7; robust SE = 0.3; P = .03; odds ratio = 0.5; 95% confidence interval, 0.3-0.9) over the 24-month period.This study extends the evidence that brief, personality-targeted interventions can prevent the onset and escalation of substance misuse in high-risk adolescents.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00344474.
Archives of General Psychiatry, 67(1) : 85-93
- Year: 2010
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Fang, Lin, Schinke, Steven P., Cole, Kristin C. A.
Purpose: Methods: Results: Conclusions: This study examined the efficacy and generalizability of a family-oriented, web-based substance use prevention program to young Asian-American adolescent girls.Between September and December 2007, a total of 108 Asian-American girls aged 10-14 years and their mothers were recruited through online advertisements and from community service agencies. Mother-daughter dyads were randomly assigned to an intervention arm or to a test-only control arm. After pretest measurement, intervention-arm dyads completed a 9-session web-based substance use prevention program. Guided by family interaction theory, the program aimed to improve girls' psychological states, strengthen substance use prevention skills, increase mother-daughter interactions, enhance maternal monitoring, and prevent girls' substance use. Study outcomes were assessed using generalized estimating equations.At posttest, relative to control-arm girls, intervention-arm girls showed less depressed mood; reported improved self-efficacy and refusal skills; had higher levels of mother-daughter closeness, mother-daughter communication, and maternal monitoring; and reported more family rules against substance use. Intervention-arm girls also reported fewer instances of alcohol, marijuana, and illicit prescription drug use, and expressed lower intentions to use substances in the future.A family-oriented, web-based substance use prevention program was efficacious in preventing substance use behavior among early Asian-American adolescent girls.
Copyright © 2010 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Journal of Adolescent Health, 47(5) : 529-532
- Year: 2010
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Skills training, Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Kristjansson, Alfgeir Logi, James, Jack E., Allegrante, John P., Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Helgason, Asgeir R.
Objective: Methods: Results: Conclusion: To examine 12-year changes in alcohol use and cigarette smoking in response to community-based prevention activities among Icelandic adolescents.This study used a quasi-experimental, non-randomized control group design to compare outcomes in 4 Icelandic communities (n=3117) that participated in community-based substance use prevention activities designed to increase levels of parental monitoring and adolescent engagement in healthy leisure-time activities and a matched group of 7 comparison communities (n=1,907). Annual, nationwide, population-based cross-sectional surveys of the prevalence of adolescent substance use were conducted among cohorts of Icelandic adolescents, aged 14-15 years (N=5,024), in all communities from 1997 to 2009.Parental monitoring and adolescent participation in organized sports increased in communities that adopted the intervention program compared to communities that did not, whereas unmonitored idle hours and attendance at unsupervised parties decreased. Over time, alcohol use (OR=0.89, 95% CI 0.82, 0.98, p=0.012) and being intoxicated during the last 30 days (OR=0.86, 95% CI 0.78, 0.96, p=0.004) decreased more in the intervention than control communities.Community-based prevention designed to strengthen parental monitoring and participation in organized sports may confer some protection against adolescent substance use.
Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Preventive Medicine, 51(2) : 168-171
- Year: 2010
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Clark, Heddy Kovach, Ringwalt, Chris L., Hanley, Sean, Shamblen, Stephen R., Flewelling, Robert L., Hano, Mary C.
Project SUCCESS is a selective and indicated substance use prevention program that targets high risk students in secondary school settings. We evaluated the effects of Project SUCCESS on adolescents' substance use immediately following program implementation, and again one year later. Two successive cohorts of alternative high schools were randomly assigned to an intervention or control group, yielding seven schools per condition. Main outcomes included 30-day use of alcohol, marijuana, and illegal drugs excluding marijuana, and drinking to intoxication. We conducted exploratory analyses on 30-day cigarette use. Using Hierarchical Linear Modeling, we found that students in the control schools reported significantly less use of illegal drugs excluding marijuana than those in the intervention group at the first posttest; however, this effect did not persist one year later. There were no other outcome effects of even a marginal nature. While results of this study do not provide evidence of Project SUCCESS' effectiveness, students' program exposure was low. It is possible that Project SUCCESS would perform better in schools with higher and more regular rates of attendance.
Copyright 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Addictive Behaviors, 35(3) : 209-217
- Year: 2010
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions