Disorders - Substance Use Disorders
Evers, Kerry E., Paiva, Andrea L., Johnson, Janet L., Cummins, Carol O., Prochaska, James O., Prochaska, Janice M., Padula, Julie, et-al
Background: Early use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs threatens the physical and mental well-being of students and continued use negatively affects many areas of development. An internet-based, tailored intervention based on the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change was delivered to middle school students to reduce alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use. This internet-based approach requires very little faculty and staff time, which is efficient given curricular demands.; Methods: Twenty-two middle schools in the United States were matched and randomly assigned to either the intervention or control conditions (N=1590 students who had ever used substances). Participants received one pre-test assessment, three thirty-minute intervention sessions over three months, and two post-test assessments (3 and 14 months after pre-test, respectively).; Results: Random effects logistic models showed significant treatment effects for the intervention group when compared to the control group at the 3-month post-test.; Conclusions: This program has the potential to be applied as stand-alone practice or as part of more intensive interventions to promote substance use cessation.; Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Addictive Behaviors, 37(9) : 1009-1018
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Branson, C. E., Barbuti, A. M., Clemmey, P., Herman, L., Bhutia, P.
Numerous studies demonstrate the efficacy of contingency management (CM) for improving patient outcomes, yet it is rarely used in treatment settings due to the high cost of implementation. This quasi-experimental study (N = 52) examined the effect of a low-cost "Fishbowl" CM intervention on attendance/retention in an early intervention adolescent substance abuse program. The CM group attended significantly more sessions compared to the control group. Furthermore, the CM intervention costs $3.27 per patient per session. Our findings support the use of low-cost CM to improve adolescent attendance in clinical settings. Copyright (copyright) American Academy of Addiction Psychiatry.
American Journal on Addictions, 21(2) : 126-129
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Contingency management
Bartle-Haring, Suzanne, Slesnick, Natasha, Collins, Jennifer, Erdem, Gizem, Buettner, Cynthia
Background: Despite the intuitive appeal and popularity of mentoring programs, mentoring has shown only limited success for positively impacting children's psychosocial functioning. Furthermore, we were not able to identify a study that examined the potential utility of mentoring for homeless adolescents.; Objective: The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the impact of mentoring among a group of homeless adolescents who were also receiving substance abuse treatment.; Methods: This pilot study examined the impact of mentoring among homeless adolescents (n = 90) between the ages of 14 and 20 years who also received substance abuse treatment. A longitudinal design was used in which adolescents were assessed at baseline, 3 months, and following the completion of treatment at 6 months postbaseline.; Results: Findings showed that adolescents with a history of physical or sexual abuse attended more mentoring sessions. Also, mentoring in addition to treatment was associated with a decrease in problem consequences associated with substance use. However, more mentoring with fewer treatment sessions was associated with an increase in internalizing behaviors. Only these two outcomes were associated with mentoring. Conclusions and; Scientific Significance: While not providing resounding support for mentoring, this study suggests that examining the mentor/mentee relationship may be a fruitful line of future research given that significant variability among the mentor/mentee pairs was noted for some outcomes of interest.;
The American Journal of Drug & Alcohol Abuse, 38(4) : 350-358
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Gabrhelik, Roman, Duncan, Alexandra, Miovsky, Michal, Furr-Holden, C. Debra M., Stastna, Lenka, Jurystova, Lucie
Background: The Czech Unplugged Study, inspired by the European Drug Addiction Prevention Trial, is a prospective, school-based, randomized controlled prevention trial designed to reduce the risk of alcohol, tobacco, inhalant, and illegal drug use in 6th graders in the Czech Republic. The intervention uses the comprehensive social influence model to affect alcohol and drug using norms among primary school students. Methods: Descriptive statistics and chi-square analyses were used to assess differences between the experimental and control groups on demographic characteristics and study outcomes. Multilevel techniques were used to take the hierarchical structure of the data into account. Prevalence odds ratios using the Bonferroni correction were calculated to assess the differences between the experimental (N = 914) and control (N = 839) groups on each outcome 1, 3, 12, 15, and 24 months after the end of the intervention. Results: Multilevel analysis using the Bonferroni correction showed statistically significant intervention effects at the final follow-up for any smoking (OR = 0.75, 99.2% CI 0.65 - 0.87), daily smoking (OR = 0.62, 99.2% CI 0.48 - 0.79), heavy smoking (OR = 0.48, 99.2% CI 0.28 - 0.81), any cannabis use (OR = 0.57 99.2% CI 0.42 - 0.77), frequent cannabis use (OR = 0.57, 99.2% CI 0.36 - 0.89), and any drug use (OR = 0.78, 99.2% CI 0.65 - 0.94). Conclusions: This study adds new evidence on the effectiveness of the Unplugged school-based prevention program for primary school students in the Czech Republic. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract)
Drug & Alcohol Dependence, 124(1-2) : 79-87
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Garner, B. R., Godley, S. H., Dennis, M. L., Hunter, B. D., Bair, C. M. L., Godley, M. D.
Objective: To test whether pay for performance (P4P) is an effective method to improve adolescent substance use disorder treatment implementation and efficacy. Design : Cluster randomized trial. Setting: Community-based treatment organizations. Participants: Twenty-nine community-based treatment organizations, 105 therapists, and 986 adolescent patients (953 with complete data). Intervention: Community-based treatment organizations were assigned to 1 of the following conditions: the implementation-as-usual (IAU) control condition or the P4P experimental condition. In addition to delivering the same evidence-based treatment (ie, using the Adolescent Community Reinforcement Approach [A-CRA]), each organization received standardized levels of funding, training, and coaching from the treatment developers. Therapists in the P4P condition received US $50 for each month that they demonstrated competence in treatment delivery (ie, A-CRA competence) and US $200 for each patient who received a specified number of treatment procedures and sessions (ie, target A-CRA) that has been found to be associated with significantly improved patient outcomes. Main Outcome Measures : Outcomes included ACRA competence (ie, a therapist-level implementation measure), target A-CRA (ie, a patient-level implementation measure), and remission status (ie, a patientlevel treatment effectiveness measure). Results: Relative to therapists in the IAU control condition, therapists in the P4P condition were significantly more likely to demonstrate A-CRA competence (24.0% vs 8.9%; event rate ratio, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.12- 4.48; P =.02). Relative to patients in the IAU control condition, patients in the P4P condition were significantly more likely to receive target A-CRA (17.3% vs 2.5%; odds ratio, 5.19; 95% CI, 1.53-17.62; P =.01). However, no significant differences were found between conditions with regard to patients' end-of-treatment remission status. Conclusion: Pay for performance can be an effective method of improving treatment implementation. (copyright)2012 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 166(10) : 938-944
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Gonzales, Nancy A., Dumka, Larry E., Millsap, Roger E., Gottschall, Amanda, McClain, Darya B., Wong, Jessie J., German, Miguelina, et-al
Objective: This randomized trial of a family-focused preventive intervention for Mexican American (MA) adolescents evaluated intervention effects on adolescent substance use, internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and school discipline and grade records in 8th grade, 1 year after completion of the intervention. The study also examined hypothesized mediators and moderators of intervention effects.; Method: Stratified by language of program delivery (English vs. Spanish), the trial included a sample of 516 MA adolescents (50.8% female; M = 12.3 years, SD = 0.54) and at least one caregiver that were randomized to receive a low-dosage control group workshop or the 9-week group intervention that included parenting, adolescent coping, and conjoint family sessions.; Results: Positive program effects were found on all 5 outcomes at 1-year posttest but varied depending on whether adolescents, parents, or teachers reported on the outcome. Intervention effects were mediated by posttest changes in effective parenting, adolescent coping efficacy, adolescent school engagement, and family cohesion. The majority of intervention effects were moderated by language, with a larger number of significant effects for families who participated in Spanish. Intervention effects also were moderated by baseline levels of mediators and outcomes, with the majority showing stronger effects for families with poorer functioning at baseline.; Conclusion: Findings not only support the efficacy of the intervention to decrease multiple problem outcomes for MA adolescents but also demonstrate differential effects for parents and adolescents receiving the intervention in Spanish vs. English, and depending on their baseline levels of functioning.; (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved).
Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 80(1) : 1-16
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Huang, Chiu-Mieh, Chien, Li-Yin, Cheng, Chin-Feng, Guo, Jong-Long
Background: Drug use has been noted among students in Taiwan during the past decade and schools have a role in preventing or delaying students' drug use. We developed and evaluated a school-based, drug-use prevention program integrating the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and life skills for junior high school students.; Methods: We recruited 441 seventh graders from randomly selected schools: N = 143 experimental groups, N = 142 conventional groups, and N = 156 control groups. The experimental group received ten 45-minute sessions of theory-based interventions. The conventional group got traditional didactic teaching and drug refusal skills. The control group received no intervention.; Results: Compared to the control group, experimental group students showed greater improvement in attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, life skills, and intention not to use drugs. Compared to the conventional group, the experimental group had significantly higher posttest scores for 4 of the 5 outcomes, including life skills (96.53 vs. 90.92, p < .001), attitude (27.43 vs. 24.40, p = .012), subjective norm (29.51 vs. 28.06, p = .002), and perceived behavioral control (18.59 vs. 16.81, p < .001). The conventional group scored significantly higher in behavioral intention than did the control group.; Conclusion: Study results demonstrated the effectiveness of a drug-use prevention program integrating the TPB and life skills.; © 2012, American School Health Association.
Journal of School Health, 82(7) : 328-335
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
James-Burdumy, S., Goesling, B., Deke, J., Einspruch, E.
Purpose: This article presents findings from the largest experimental evaluation to date of school-based mandatory-random student drug testing (MRSDT). The study tested the effectiveness of MRSDT in reducing substance use among high school students. Methods: Cluster randomized trial included 36 high schools and more than 4,700 9th through 12th grade students. After baseline data collection in spring 2007, about half the schools were randomly assigned to a treatment group that was permitted to implement MRSDT immediately, and the remaining half were assigned to a control group that delayed MRSDT until after follow-up data collection was completed 1 year later, in spring 2008. Data from self-administered student questionnaires were used to compare rates of substance use in treatment and control schools at follow-up. Results: Students subject to MRSDT by their districts reported less substances use in past 30 days compared with students in schools without MRSDT. The program had no detectable spillover effects on the substance use of students not subject to testing. We found no evidence of unintentional negative effects on students' future intentions to use substances, the proportion of students who participated in activities subject to drug testing, or on students' attitudes toward school and perceived consequences of substance use. Conclusions: MRSDT shows promise in reducing illicit substance use among high school students. The impacts of this study were measured for a 1-year period and may not represent longer term effects. (copyright) 2012 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All Rights Reserved.
Journal of Adolescent Health, 50(2) : 172-178
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Other service delivery and improvement interventions
Jackson, Caroline, Geddes, Rosemary, Haw, Sally, Frank, John
Aims: To identify and assess the effectiveness of experimental studies of interventions that report on multiple risk behaviour outcomes in young people.; Methods: A systematic review was performed to identify experimental studies of interventions to reduce risk behaviour in adolescents or young adults and that reported on both any substance (alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug) use and sexual risk behaviour outcomes. Two authors reviewed studies independently identified through a comprehensive search strategy and assessed the quality of included studies. The report was prepared in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.; Results: From 1129 papers, 18 experimental studies met our inclusion criteria, 13 of which were assigned a strong or moderate quality rating. The substantial heterogeneity between studies precluded the pooling of results to give summary estimates. Intervention effects were mixed, with most programmes having a significant effect on some outcomes, but not others. The most promising interventions addressed multiple domains (individual and peer, family, school and community) of risk and protective factors for risk behaviour. Programmes that addressed just one domain were generally less effective in preventing multiple risk behaviour.; Conclusions: There is some, albeit limited, evidence that programmes to reduce multiple risk behaviours in school children can be effective, the most promising programmes being those that address multiple domains of influence on risk behaviour. Intervening in the mid-childhood school years may have an impact on later risk behaviour, but further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of this approach.; © 2011 The Authors, Addiction © 2011 Society for the Study of Addiction.
Addiction (Abingdon, England), 107(4) : 733-747
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Lipsey, M. W.
Meta-analysis was used to examine the effects of outpatient treatment on adolescent substance use outcomes. A literature search located 45 eligible experimental or quasiexperimental studies reporting 73 treatment-comparison group pairs that provided 250 effect sizes for substance use outcomes. A second analysis examined 311 pre-post effect sizes measuring changes in substance use in the separate treatment and comparison arms of these studies. The mean effect sizes across all substance use outcome varied for different treatment modalities. The largest and most consistent effects were found for family therapy followed by CBT, MET, MET/CBT, and behavioral treatments. Longer treatment duration was associated with smaller improvements, but other treatment and participant characteristics had little influence. Effects also varied with the type of substance abuse outcome- larger effects were found on measures of marijuana and mixed drug use than on alcohol and hard drug use. Effects also varied with the way these outcomes were measured, e.g., frequency of use or abstinence over longer or shorter periods and use vs. personal problems associated with use. Some forms of measurement were found to be more sensitive to treatment effects than others and may be preferred for use in intervention studies.
Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, 36 : 330A
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
Milburn, N. G., Iribarren, F. J., Rice, E., Lightfoot, M., Solorio, R., Rotheram-Borus, M. J., Desmond, K., et-al
Purpose: We evaluate the efficacy of a short family intervention in reducing sexual risk behavior, drug use, and delinquent behaviors among homeless youth. Methods: A randomized controlled trial of 151 families with a homeless adolescent aged 12 to 17 years. Between March 2006 and June 2009, adolescents were recruited from diverse sites in Southern California and were assessed at recruitment (baseline), and at 3, 6, and 12 months later. Families were randomly assigned to an intervention condition with five weekly home-based intervention sessions or a control condition (standard care). Main outcome measures reflect self-reported sexual risk behavior, substance use, and delinquent behaviors over the past 90 days. Results: Sexual risk behavior (e.g., mean number of partners; p <.001), alcohol use (p =.003), hard drug use (p <.001), and delinquent behaviors (p =.001) decreased significantly more during 12 months in the intervention condition compared with the control condition. Marijuana use, however, significantly increased in the intervention condition compared with the control condition (p <.001). Conclusions: An intervention to reengage families of homeless youth has significant benefits in reducing risk over 12 months. (copyright) 2012 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved.
Journal of Adolescent Health, 50(4) : 358-364
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Family therapy
Lowe, John, Liang, Huigang, Riggs, Cheryl, Henson, Jim, Elder, Tribal
Background: Substance abuse is one of the nation's primary health concerns. Native American youth experience higher rates of substance abuse than other youth. There is little empirical evidence that exists concerning the use of culturally-based interventions among Native American adolescents.; Objectives: This study used a community-based participatory research approach to develop and evaluate an innovative school-based cultural intervention targeting substance abuse among a Native American adolescent population.; Methods: A two-condition quasi-experimental study design was used to compare the Cherokee Talking Circle (CTC) culturally-based intervention condition (n = 92) with the Be A Winner Standard Education (SE) condition (n = 87). Data were collected at pre-intervention, immediate post-intervention, and 90-day post-intervention using the Cherokee Self-Reliance Questionnaire, Global Assessment of Individual Needs - Quick, and Written Stories of Stress measures.; Results: Significant improvements were found among all measurement outcomes for the CTC culturally-based intervention.; Conclusions: The data provide evidence that a Native American adolescent culturally-based intervention was significantly more effective for the reduction of substance abuse and related problems than a noncultural-based intervention.; Scientific Significance: This study suggests that cultural considerations may enhance the degree to which specific interventions address substance abuse problems among Native American adolescents.;
The American Journal of Drug & Alcohol Abuse, 38(5) : 450-455
- Year: 2012
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Psychoeducation, Other Psychological Interventions