Disorders - Substance Use Disorders
Simons-Morton, Bruce, Haynie, Denise, Saylor, Keith, Crump, Aria Davis, Chen, Rusan
This study evaluated the effects of a school-based intervention on growth trajectories of smoking, drinking, and antisocial behavior among early adolescents. Seven middle schools were randomized to intervention or comparison conditions and students in two successive cohorts (n = 1484) provided five waves of data from sixth to ninth grade. The Going Places Program, included classroom curricula, parent education, and school environment components. Latent growth curve analyses demonstrated significant treatment group effects, including reducing increases in friends who smoke, outcome expectations for smoking, and smoking progression, but had non-significant effects on drinking or antisocial behavior. The Going Places Program was effective in preventing increases in smoking progression, but its efficacy as a more cross-cutting problem behavior preventive intervention was not confirmed.
Prevention Science, 6(3) : 187-97
- Year: 2005
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Controlled clinical trials
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Stage: Universal prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Psychoeducation, Skills training
Schinke, Steven, Schwinn, Traci
This study developed and tested a gender-specific intervention for preventing substance abuse among adolescent girls. Delivered on CD-ROM by computer, the program was compared with a conventional substance abuse prevention program delivered live in a group setting. Seventh-grade girls in New York City middle schools completed pretests, and, by school, were randomly assigned to receive either gender-specific computer intervention (GSI) or conventional intervention, and were posttested. Analyses of pretest to posttest gain scores showed GSI girls compared to girls receiving conventional intervention to possess a larger repertoire of stress-reduction methods, to report lower approval of cigarettes, alcohol, and drugs, to identify more unhealthy ways to deal with stress, to report lower likelihood of cigarette use or alcohol consumption if asked to do so by best friends, and to hold stronger plans to avoid cigarettes, alcohol, and drugs in the next year. These modest findings lend credence to the promise of gender-specific, computerized interventions for substance abuse prevention among adolescent girls.
American Journal of Drug & Alcohol Abuse, 31(4) : 609-16
- Year: 2005
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Schinke, Steven P., Schwinn, Traci M., Di Noia, Jennifer, Cole, Kristin C.
Objective: This study tested a CD-ROM intervention with and without a parent involvement component to reduce risk of alcohol use among an urban sample of early adolescents. Method: Youths (N=514, mean age 11.5 years at recruitment) were assigned randomly by community site to receive the CD-ROM intervention, the CD-ROM plus parent intervention, or no intervention. All youths completed pretest, posttest and three annual follow-up measurements. After pretesting, youths and parents received their respective interventions. Results: Main effects of the intervention and for measurement occasion as well as interaction effects of the intervention by measurement occasion were seen for substance use and related outcomes. Over time, youths in all 3 groups reported increased use of alcohol, tobacco and marijuana; youths who received the interventions reported smaller increases than control youths. At 3-year follow-up, alcohol use was lower for CD-ROM plus parent intervention youths than for CD-ROM only youths, who, in turn, reported less use than controls. Cigarette use was lower for youths in either intervention group than in the control group at posttest and at 1-, 2- and 3-year follow-ups. Marijuana use was lower for youths in either intervention than for controls at 1-, 2- and 3-year follow-ups. Youths in both intervention groups outperformed control youths at posttest and at 1- and 3-year follow-ups on levels of negative and peer influence toward substance use. Finally, at the 3-year follow-up, youths in the CD-ROM plus parent intervention group reported more family involvement in their alcohol use prevention efforts than did youths in the CD-ROM group, who, in turn, reported more positive levels of family involvement than youths in the control group. Conclusions: Study findings modestly support the CD-ROM intervention with and without the parent intervention to reduce alcohol use risks among urban early adolescents. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 65(4) : 443-449
- Year: 2004
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Skills training, Other Psychological Interventions, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Schinke, S. P., Di Noia, J., Glassman, J. R.
This research evaluated a computer-mediated intervention for preventing drug abuse and violence. Research participants were economically disadvantaged youth, defined as early adolescents from households with family incomes below the Federal poverty line. Based on cognitive-behavioral skills approaches shown effective in past research, computer intervention was compared with conventionally delivered intervention in a pretest-posttest, control group design. Outcome findings revealed that youth assigned to the computer or conventional intervention arms achieved more positive pretest-to-posttest gain scores than youth in the control arm on several variables. These variables were: how youth regarded people who used drugs, strategies for avoiding trouble, and ways for controlling their tempers. One item, the ability to refuse drug offers, favored youth in the conventional intervention arm over those in the computer or control arms. Combined with prior work on computer-delivered interventions, data from this study lend added support to the viability of computer approaches for preventing drug abuse, violence, and other problem behavior among early adolescent youth. copyright 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Addictive Behaviors, 29(1) : 225-229
- Year: 2004
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
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Treatment and intervention: Service Delivery & Improvement, Psychological Interventions (any)
, Skills training, Technology, interventions delivered using technology (e.g. online, SMS)
Spoth, Richard, Redmond, Cleve, Shin, Chungyeol, Azevedo, Kari
This study examines the effects of 2 brief family-focused interventions on the trajectories of substance initiation over a period of 6 years following a baseline assessment. The 2 interventions, designed for general-population families of adolescents, were the 7-session Iowa Strengthening Families Program (ISFP) (Molgaard & Spoth, 2001) and the 5-session Preparing for the Drug Free Years Program (PDFY) (Catalano, Kosterman, Haggerty, Hawkins, & Spoth, 1999). Thirty-three rural public schools were randomly assigned to the ISFP, the PDFY, or a minimal-contact control condition. The authors evaluated the curvilinear growth observed in school-level measures of initiation using a logistic growth curve analysis. Alcohol and tobacco composite use indices--as well as lifetime use of alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana--and lifetime drunkenness, were examined. Significant intervention-control differences were observed, indicating favorable delays in initiation in the intervention groups. (c) 2004 APA, all rights reserved
Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 72(3) : 535-42
- Year: 2004
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Smith, Edward A., Swisher, John D., Vicary, Judith R, Bechtel, Lori J., Minner, Daphne, Henry, Kimberly L., Palmer, Raymond
This study reports on findings from the first two years of a study to compare a standard Life Skills Training (LST) program with an infused (I-LST) approach. Nine small, rural school districts were randomly assigned to LST, I-LST, or control conditions in grade seven. The LST program significantly reduced alcohol use, binge drinking, marijuana use, and inhalant use after one year for females, and the I-LST program significantly reduced smoking, binge drinking, and marijuana use for females. At the end of the second year the I-LST program continued to impact female smoking, but all other results were non-significant. There were no effects on males at either time point. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Journal of Alcohol & Drug Education, 48(1) : 51-70
- Year: 2004
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Skills training
Tait, Robert J., Hulse, Gary K., Robertson, Suzanne I.
AIMS: To evaluate the effectiveness of a brief intervention enhanced by a consistent support person in facilitating attendance for substance use treatment following a hospital alcohol or other drug (AOD) presentation. PARTICIPANTS: We recruited 127 adolescents (aged 12-19 years) from hospital emergency departments, 57 were female. Sixty were randomly assigned to receive the intervention and 67 to receive standard hospital care. For the purpose of comparison, normative data were also collected (at baseline) from 122 non-AOD presenting adolescents. INTERVENTION: The brief intervention involved identifying impediments to treatment service attendance and facilitating attendance via a consistent support person. RESULTS: At 4 months, a significantly greater proportion of the intervention group, both daily and "occasional" drug users, had attended treatment than the usual care group. Regardless of attendance at the treatment service the intervention group showed a greater improvement in GHQ-12 scores than the usual care group. Across groups, a greater proportion of those who attended treatment moved to "safer" drug use behaviour (non-hazardous alcohol consumption and/or non-injecting drug use (IDU)), and showed a greater decline on a composite total drug use score. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent attendance for treatment can be improved by brief intervention with harmful substance use behaviours reduced for both "occasional" and daily users. Improvements in psychosocial well-being is observed regardless of attendance at a treatment service.
Drug & Alcohol Dependence, 74(3) : 289-96
- Year: 2004
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
Stanton, B., Cole, M., Galbraith, J., Li, X., Pendleton, S., Cottrel, L., Marshall, S., et-al
Background: Although numerous interventions have been demonstrated to reduce targeted adolescent risk behaviors for brief periods, sustained behavior changes covering multiple risk behaviors have been elusive. Objective: To determine whether a parental monitoring intervention (Informed Parents and Children Together [ImPACT]) with and without boosters can further reduce adolescent truancy, substance abuse, and sexual risk behaviors and can alter related perceptions 24 months after intervention among youth who have all received an adolescent risk-reduction intervention, Focus on Kids (FOK). Design: Randomized, controlled, 3-celled longitudinal trial. Setting: Thirty-five low-income, urban community sites. Participants: Eight hundred seventeen African American youth aged 13 to 16 at baseline. Intervention: All youth participated in FOK, an 8-session, theory-based, small group, face-to-face risk-reduction intervention, 496 youth and parents received the 1-session ImPACT intervention (a videotape and discussion), 238 of the ImPACT youth also received four 90-minute FOK boosters delivered in small groups. Main Outcome Measures: Responses at baseline and 24 months after intervention to a questionnaire assessing risk and protective behaviors and perceptions. Analyses used General Linear Modeling, intraclass correlation coefficient, analysis of covariance, and multiple comparisons with least significant difference test adjustment. Results: After adjusting for the intraclass correlation coefficient, 6 of 16 risk behaviors were significantly reduced (P[less-than or equal to].05) among youth receiving ImPACT compared with youth who only received FOK (respectively, mean number of days suspended, 0.65 vs 1.17; carry a bat as a weapon, 4.1% vs 9.6%; smoked cigarettes, 12.5% vs 22.7%; used marijuana, 18.3% vs 26.8%; used other illicit drugs, 1.4% vs 5.6%; and, asked sexual partner if condom always used, 77.9% vs 64.9%). Four of the 7 theory-based subscales reflected significant protective changes among youth who received ImPACT. ImPACT did not produce any significant adverse effects on behaviors or perceptions. Conclusion: A parent monitoring intervention can significantly broaden and sustain protection beyond that conferred through an adolescent risk-reduction intervention.
Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 158(10) : 947-955
- Year: 2004
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: At risk (indicated or selected prevention)
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions
West, Steven L., O'Neal, Keri K.
OBJECTIVES: We provide an updated meta-analysis on the effectiveness of Project D.A.R.E. in preventing alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drug use among school-aged youths. METHODS: We used meta-analytic techniques to create an overall effect size for D.A.R.E. outcome evaluations reported in scientific journals. RESULTS: The overall weighted effect size for the included D.A.R.E. studies was extremely small (correlation coefficient = 0.011; Cohen d = 0.023; 95% confidence interval = -0.04, 0.08) and nonsignificant (z = 0.73, NS). CONCLUSIONS: Our study supports previous findings indicating that D.A.R.E. is ineffective.
American Journal of Public Health, 94(6) : 1027-9
- Year: 2004
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
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Stage: Universal prevention
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Psychoeducation, Skills training
Vaughn, Michael G., Howard, Matthew O.
Objective: A synthesis was conducted to assess outcome findings and methodological characteristics of controlled evaluations of adolescent substance abuse treatments. Method: Extensive computerized and manual bibliographic searches were employed to identify controlled evaluations of adolescent substance abuse treatment. Meta-analytic techniques were utilized to gauge effect sizes across studies to determine which interventions are most effective. An index of methodological quality was computed for each study using ratings of 13 study design factors. Interventions were classified by a combination of their design strength, achievement of desired effect, and other evidence factors. Results: Findings indicate that multidimensional family therapy and cognitive-behavioral group treatment received the highest level of evidentiary support. Seven other interventions showed evidence of effectiveness as well. Conclusions: Several interventions are effective for treating adolescent substance abuse. These treatments are psycho-social in nature, exist within a structured framework, and should be appealing to social work practitioners. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract).
Research on Social Work Practice, 14(5) : 325-335
- Year: 2004
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Systematic reviews
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
Kavanagh, David J., Young, Ross, White, Angela, Saunders, John B., Wallis, Jeff, Shockley, Natalie, Jenner, Linda, et-al
Substance misuse is common in early psychosis, and impacts negatively on outcomes. Little is known about effective interventions for this population. We report a pilot study of brief intervention for substance misuse in early psychosis (Start Over and Survive: SOS), comparing it with Standard Care (SC). Twenty-five in-patients aged 18-35 years with early psychosis and current misuse of non-opioid drugs were allocated randomly to conditions. Substance use and related problems were assessed at baseline, 6 weeks and 3, 6 and 12 months. Final assessments were blind to condition. All 13 SOS participants who proceeded to motivational interviewing reported less substance use at 6 months, compared with 58% (7/12) in SC alone. Effects were well maintained to 12 months. However, more SOS participants lived with a relative or partner, and this also was associated with better outcomes. Engagement remained challenging: 39% (16/41) declined participation and 38% (5/13) in SOS only received rapport building. Further research will increase sample size, and address both engagement and potential confounds.
Drug & Alcohol Review, 23(2) : 151-5
- Year: 2004
- Problem: Psychosis Disorders, Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
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Stage: Disorder established (diagnosed disorder)
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Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Motivational interviewing, includes Motivational Enhancing Therapy
Furr-Holden, C., Ialongo, Nicholas S., Anthony, James C., Petras, Hanno, Kellam, Sheppard G.
In this randomized prevention trial, we sought to quantify the potential early impact of two developmentally inspired universal preventive interventions on the risk of early-onset alcohol, inhalant, tobacco, and illegal drug use through early adolescence. Participants were recruited as they entered first grade within nine schools of an urban public school system. Approximately, 80% of the sample was followed from first to eighth grades. Two theory-based preventive interventions, (1) a family-school partnership (FSP) intervention and (2) a classroom-centered (CC) intervention, were developed to improve early risk behaviors in primary school. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) multivariate response profile regressions were used to estimate the relative profiles of drug involvement for intervention youths versus controls, i.e. youth in the standard educational setting. Intervention status was not associated with risk of starting alcohol, inhalants, or marijuana use, but assignment to the CC intervention was associated with reduced risk of starting to use other illegal drugs by early adolescence, i.e. heroin, crack, and cocaine powder. This study adds new evidence on intervention-associated reduced risk of starting illegal drug use. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved).
Drug & Alcohol Dependence, 73(2) : 149-158
- Year: 2004
- Problem: Substance Use Disorders (any)
- Type: Randomised controlled trials
-
Stage: Universal prevention
-
Treatment and intervention: Psychological Interventions (any)
, Other Psychological Interventions